2018年营山县20岁及以上调查对象骨质疏松症相关知识知晓情况分析

Awareness Rates of Osteoporosis Related Knowledge Among Subjects Aged 20 and Above in Yingshan County in 2018

目的了解营山县常住居民的骨质疏松症相关知识知晓情况,为开展居民骨质疏松预防保健干预活动提供科学依据。方法2018年根据中国骨质疏松症流行病学调查工作手册要求,采用整群随机抽样方法在营山县抽取20岁及以上并在该地区居住6个月以上的居民进行骨质疏松相关知识问卷调查,采用SPSS 21.0统计软件进行χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果共调查464人,其中男性占44.2%,女性占55.8%;2039岁占13.8%,4059岁占42.9%,6088岁占43.3%;小学毕业占26.1%,初中毕业占26.3%;农林牧渔水利业生产人员占60.3%。与骨质疏松相关的12条核心信息中,知晓率较高的前3条分别是“调查前听说过骨质疏松症”占55.2%,“每天2杯牛奶可以补充足够的钙”占44.0%,“骨质疏松症增加骨折风险”占36.6%,其余9条知晓率均低于30%。“调查前听说过骨质疏松症”,“骨质疏松症增加骨折风险”,“跌倒和低骨密度一样会引发骨折”“有骨质疏松症家族史的人更易患骨质疏松症”在不同年龄组、文化程度、不同职业间差异具有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);知晓“骨质疏松症有先兆症状”和“吸烟可导致骨质疏松症”在不同年龄组、性别和不同文化程度间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。知晓“摄入高盐易引发骨质疏松症”和“每天2杯牛奶可以补充足够的钙”在年龄组间、不同文化程度间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论营山县20岁及以上常住居民骨质疏松相关知识知晓率均较低,且受文化程度影响较大。在开展健康教育时,应重点针对文化程度较低的中老年人群进行综合干预。

Objective To understand the status of osteoporosis related knowledge among residents in Yingshan County so as to provide scientific basis for osteoporosis prevention and health intervention.Methods In 2018,according to the requirements of the work manual of China’s Osteoporosis Epidemiology survey,a cluster random sampling method was used to collect the residents aged 20 years and above and lived in the area for more than 6 months to fill out the questionnaire on osteoporosis related knowledge.SPSS 21.0 statistical software was used for statisticalanalysis.Chi-square tests were used to analyze the knowledge of osteoporosis,and P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results Totally,464 people were investigated.Among them,44.2%were male and 55.8%were female.Among the 12 core items,the top three items with a high awareness rate were as follows:55.2%(heard of osteoporosis before the survey),44.0%(two cups of milk a day provides enough calcium),and 36.6%(falls can cause fractures as well as low bone density).However,the awareness rate of the other 9 items of were all lower than 30%.There are significant differences in the awareness rates among different age,education level and occupation of the following items:“heard Osteoporosis before investigation”,“osteoporosis increases fracture risk”,“falls can cause fractures as well as low bone density”and“people with a family history of osteoporosis are more likely to develop osteoporosis”(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the awareness rates among different groups of age,sex and educational levels in the two items of osteoporosis has warning symptoms and high salt intake was associated with osteoporosis(P<0.05).Significant differences of the awareness rates among different groups of age and educational levels in two items of high salt intake can lead to osteoporosis and two cups of milk a day provides enough calcium were observed(P<0.05).Conclusion The awareness rate of osteoporosis related knowledge was low among residents aged 20 and above in Yingshan County,and it was greatly affected by their education level.When carrying out health education,comprehensive intervention should be focused on the middle-aged and elderly people with low education level.