从党史和外交史看国际问题的处理

On Handling of International Issues: Back to History of Chinese Communist Party and China’s Diplomacy

从中共党史和外交史的角度,来回顾、思考我们处理国际问题的历程和经验,对于当前和未来的外交政策制定与实践都有重要意义。首先,对国际形势的准确判断、妥善处理内政和外交的关系、在国际博弈中知己知彼,是中国共产党制定正确外交政策的三个要素。其次,在国际问题上获得主动权的基础,是与外交对象之间的良性互动,凡事多做预备、长期经营,以及将国际性和中国特色相结合。"和平共处五项原则"是一个经典案例,它既来源于普遍认同的国际准则,又带有明显的中国传统文化特色,并以中印(度)、中缅总理联合声明的方式在日内瓦会议期间发布。一经提出便迅速产生重大的国际影响,甚至苏联官方呼吁美苏按照中印、中缅提出的"和平共处五项原则"来处理相互关系。

It is of great significance for current and future foreign policy formulation and practice to review and reflect upon our history and experience in handling international issues. First, three elements for the Communist Party of China to accurately formulate diplomacy are precise judgment of the international situation, proper handling the relationship between internal affairs and diplomacy, and knowing ourselves and the competitors during the international game. Second, the basis for gaining the initiative on international issues is to benignly interact with diplomatic partners, making more preparations and being ready for long-term goals, and a combination of internationality and Chinese characteristics. The "Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence" is a classic case. It not only originates from universally recognized international norms, but also has obvious traditional Chinese cultural characteristics. It was issued during the Geneva meeting in the form of China-India and China-Myanmar joint statements. Once proposed, it quickly had significant international impacts. Even the Soviet Union officially called on the United States to handle their mutual relations in accordance with the "Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence".