汉语控制从句的限定性研究

Study of Finiteness of Control Clauses in Chinese

由于汉语缺乏显性的限定/非限定标记,汉语控制从句的限定性问题目前仍存有较大争议。过往的非限定分析与两分分析大多依赖时态特征的取值来判断控制从句的限定性,并没有从整体上兼顾汉语的句法特点与限定性的句法作用,从而导致其判断标准面临众多反例。基于汉语宾语从句与控制从句是否允许从句宾语前置的对比,根据CP分裂假说以及语段理论,可以有效证明:两类从句的关键区别就在于限定性中心语的特征,即宾语从句是限定从句,而控制从句是非限定从句。

Since there are no overt finiteness/nonfiniteness markers in Chinese,the finiteness issue of control clauses in Chinese is still controversial at present.The nonfinite analysis and the dichotomy analysis in the literature mostly resort to the valuation of tense features to identify the finiteness of control clauses,but they do not take into account the syntactic features of Chinese and syntactic functions of finiteness as a whole,which leads to many counterexamples for their criteria.Based on the contrast between the object clause and the control clause in Chinese in terms of the embedded object preposing,this study follows the Split CP Hypothesis and the phase theory to propose that the major difference between the two types of clauses lies in the feature of the finiteness head,that is,the object clause being finite and the control clause being nonfinite.