新疆玉米产区47个主栽玉米品种抗虫性评价

Preliminary Evaluation of Insect Resistance of 47 Main Corn Varieties in Xinjiang Corn Producing Area

【目的】筛选评价玉米抗虫(玉米螟)品种,为玉米螟绿色防控及害虫防治提供依据。【方法】对比分析第一代玉米螟和第二代玉米螟的田间百株落卵量、百株幼虫量、百秆为害蛀道长及被害株率等指标,评价新疆47个主栽玉米品种的抗螟性差异。【结果】供试主栽玉米品种抗虫性存在显著差异,其中16W2T118的田间为害最轻、抗虫能力最佳,其百株幼虫量、百株为害蛀道长、被害株率依次为25头/百株、90 cm/百株、20%,其次分别是华美1号、DK517、九圣禾692抗螟性较好,其百株幼虫量、百株为害蛀道长及被害株率依次为40头/百株、265 cm/百株、40%,50头/百株、245 cm/百株、40%,60头/百株、250 cm/百株、45%。五谷310、KWS6333、富友968、宁玉525等品种抗螟性一般。金庆202则为害最为严重、抗虫水平最低,其百株幼虫量、百株为害蛀道长、被害株率依次为195头/百株、875 cm/百株、90%。金庆1号、新玉29号等品种的抗螟性整体较差。【结论】参试的47个品种中16W2T118、DK517、九圣禾692、华美1号等品种抗虫综合表现较优,金庆1号、新玉29号等品种抗虫水平较差,生产上可优先选择种植抗螟较优的品种,避免种植抗螟较差的品种,可较好的实现玉米螟的自然控制。

【Objective】Corn borer has become one of the most prominent plant protection problems restricting the development of Xinjiang corn industry.The project aims to carry out screening and evaluation of corn borer(corn borer)varieties in the hope of providng important alternative measures for corn borer green control and pest control.【Method】Through comparative analysis of the first-generation corn borer and the second-generation corn borer in the field,the amount of eggs laid by a hundred plants,the number of larvae on a hundred plants,the length of worms and the percentage of damaged plants in the field,47 main corn plants in Xinjiang varieties in resistance to stem borers were evaluated.【Result】There were significant differences in insect resistance of the main corn varieties tested.Among them,16W2T118 had the least damage in the field and the best resistance to insects.The amount of larvae per 100 plants,the length of the worm path per 100 stems,and the rate of damaged plants were 25/100 rods,90 cm/100 rods,20%,followed by Huamei No.1,DK517,Jiushenghe 692,which had better resistance to borers.The amount of larvae per 100 plants,the length of the worm path and the rate of infected plants were 40 head/hundred rods,265 cm/hundred rods,40%,50 heads/hundred rods,245 cm/hundred rods,40%,60 heads/hundred rods,250 cm/hundred rods,45%.Varieties such as Wugu 310,KWS6333,Fuyou 968 and Ningyu 525 had general resistance to stem borers.For Jinqing 202,the damage was the most serious and the insect resistance level was the lowest.The amount of larvae per 100 plants,the long path of damage per 100 rods,and the rate of damaged plants were 195 heads/100 rods,875 cm/100 rods,and 90%.In addition,varieties such as Jinqing 1 and Xinyu 29 had poorer resistance to stem borers.【Conclusion】Among the 47 tested varieties,16W2T118,DK517,Jiushenghe 692,Huamei 1 and other varieties have excellent comprehensive insect resistance performance,while Jinqing 1 and Xinyu 29 have poor insect resistance,so in production,it is recommended that priority be given to planting varieties with better resistance to stem borers and planting varieties with poor resistance avoided,through which,the natural control of corn borers will be better realized,the application of chemical pesticides reduced,and the sustainable and healthy development of the corn industry remained to be improved in our region.