基因编辑技术及其水稻中的发展和应用

Development and Application of Genome Editing Technology in Rice

CRISPR/Cas系统作为一种新兴的基因编辑系统,以其简单、高效、特异性高等特点已广泛应用于植物功能基因组研究和品种改良。在本文中,首先,我们系统总结了CRISPR/Cas技术及其衍生技术在植物中的开发和优化;其次,重点介绍了基于基因组编辑技术的水稻种质和品种改良的最新进展,并描述了基于基因编辑技术的水稻育种新策略,这是传统育种很难实现的;最后,还讨论了基因编辑技术在未来作物和粮食生产中所要面对的挑战。

As an emerging genome editing system,the CRISPR/Cas system has been widely used in plant functional genome research and variety improvement due to its simplicity,efficiency,and high specificity.In this article,we systematically summarized the development and application of genome editing tools in plants.We focused on the latest advances in plant germplasm and variety improvement based on genome editing technology,and described a new strategy for plant breeding based on genome editing technology,which is difficult to achieve in traditional breeding.Finally,we also discussed the challenges that genome editing technology will face in future crop and food production.