“西狩”返程的窘境:平罗教案及清政府的应对

Embarrassed Situation on the Way Back to Beijing After“Western Imperial Tour”:PingLuo's Missionary Case and the Qing Government's Response

光绪二十七年(1901)庚子事变后的平罗教案,是近代西北史上震动朝野的一次民教冲突。此案发生后,清廷出于稳定西北和维护中外和平的需要,在处理教案的过程中,除迅速采取罢免地方官员、勒限追捕事变的发动者外,还派出军队保护周边教堂,防止再次发生民教冲突。作为教堂利益代表者的法国使臣鲍渥,在交涉中利用《辛丑条约》中的部分条款,乘机向清廷施压,力图通过此次教案,使法国方面在日后中法外交关系中处于更加有利的地位。清廷面对法方的强硬态势,慑于外方压力,只好严令西北地方官员持平办理,构建和谐的民教关系,试图维护地方社会的稳定。

The Pingluo Missionary Case,which placed after?Gengzi Incident in 1901,has a great influence both in the central and local governments in modern history of northwest China.Following the incident,in order to stabilize the situation of northwest and maintain peace with foreign countries,in the process of handling it,in addition to promptly removing the local officials and arresting the instigators of the incident,it also sent troops to protect the surrounding churches to prevent the recurrence of conflicts between people and religion.As the representative of the church's interests,the French ambassador Bao Wo,used some of the provisions of the"Xin Chou Treaty"in the negotiations and took the opportunity to pressure the Qing court,in order to enable the French side to occupy a favorable position in diplomatic relations in the future.The Central Government of the Qing Dynasty faced the tough situation from French,and succumbed to foreign pressures,had to force the local officials in the northwest to handle the situation smoothly,so as to build a harmonious relationship between the people and the church,and try to maintain the stability of the local society.