随迁老人钟摆式流动及社区社会融合研究——以杭州D社区为例

On the Pendulum Flow of the Elderly and the Community Social Integration:A Case Study of Community D in Hangzhou

以杭州D社区为对象研究发现:随迁老人居住时间越长幸福感越高,抑郁与压力相互伴随,较多的社会支持和社会参与可以有效降低抑郁;但随迁老人社会交往生活局限在抚育孙辈,与子辈的关系不如与孙辈的关系;总体上,大部分随迁老人的主观幸福感不强。隔代照料的需要成了老人刚需型随迁的最普遍起点;幸福感降低是产生钟摆式流动的最直接原因;社会结构滞后于经济结构是钟摆式流动的结构性因素。为此,以“改革推动”提升随迁老人群体的获得感和幸福感;以“三社联动”提升随迁老人社会问题的治理效能;以“需求驱动”激活随迁老人参与社会网络互动。

This paper took community D in Hangzhou as the object.Through data analysis,it found that the overall well-being scores of the elderly were significantly negatively correlated with their living time,the pressure was positively correlated with depression,and the social support and social participation were negatively correlated with depression.It also found that their relationship with their children was not as good as that with their grandchildren,the social life was limited to raising their grandchildren,and the subjective well-being of most of the elderly was not strong.Intergenerational care needs have become the most common starting point for the elderly with rigid needs.The reduction of happiness is the most direct factor for the pendulum flow,and the lag of social structure behind economic structure is the structural factor for the pendulum flow.Therefore,this paper put forward that"reform+promotion"would improve the sense of happiness of the elderly group,"linkage among the community,social organizations and social workers"would improve the governance efficiency of social problems of the elderly group,and"demand driven"would activate the elderly group to participate in social network interaction.