喀斯特山地2种白及的种植方式

Two Planting Patterns of Bletilla striatain Karst Mountains

【目的】探明白及喀斯特山区种植的最优模式,为白及栽培提供理论参考。【方法】以白及为材料,分别种植于喀斯特山地林下和大田,比较2种种植方式对白及生长和光合性状影响。【结果】林下种植的白及茎长、株高、块茎分叉平均总长、块茎分叉平均总宽、块茎分叉平均总厚、全株重等农艺性状分别比大田种植的高110.87%、53.91%、22.62%、27.69%、39.28%、38.49%,且差异显著(P<0.05);林下种植的白及叶绿素含量比大田种植的高5.99%,差异不显著;林下种植的白及叶片净光合速率较大田种植提高31.90%,大田种植的白及叶片蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度和气孔导度等光合指标较林下种植分别提高33.07%、1.95%和53.62%;经相关性分析,林下种植的光强对白及农艺性状和光合性状等影响不显著,温度与叶绿素、气孔导度呈显著相关,与净光合速率、胞间CO2浓度呈极显著相关;压强、湿度与气孔导度、蒸腾速率呈极显著相关,大田种植的光强与白及叶绿素呈极显著负相关,温度与胞间CO2浓度呈显著负相关,压强与胞间CO2浓度呈显著正相关,湿度与净光合速率呈显著负相关。【结论】喀斯特山地林下种植白及较大田种植更利于其生长。

【Objective】The optimum pattern for planting Bletilla striatain karst mountains is explored to provide the theoretical basis for development of planting B.striata.【Method】The effects of two planting patterns(underwood and field)in karst mountains on growth and photosynthetic traits of B.striataare compared by taking B.striataas test materials.【Result】The stem length,plant height,mean total length of tuber fork,mean total width of tuber fork,mean total thickness of tuber fork and whole plant weight of B.striata planting underwood increase by 110.87%,53.91%,22.62%,27.69%,39.28%and 38.49%compared with those planting in field with a significant difference(P<0.05).Chlorophyll content of B.striataplanting underwood is 5.99%higher than that planting in field with no obvious difference.The net photosynthetic rate in leaves of B.striata planting underwood is 31.90%higher than that planting in field.The photosynthetic indexes of transpiration rate,intercellular CO2 concentration and stomatal conductance in leaves of B.striata planting in field are 33.07%,1.95%and 53.62%higher than those of B.striata planting underwood.The correlation analysis shows that in underwood planting patterns,light intensity has no obvious effect on agronomic traits and photosynthetic traits of B.striata.Temperature is significantly related with chlorophyll and stomatal conductance,and is very significantly related with net photosynthetic rate and intercellular CO2 concentration.Pressure and humidity are very significantly related with stomatal conductance and transpiration rate.Under field planting pattern,light intensity is very significantly and negatively related with chlorophyll of B.striata.Temperature is significantly and negatively related with intercellular CO2 concentration.Pressure is significantly and positively related with intercellular CO2 concentration.Humidity is significantly and negatively related with net photosynthetic rate.【Conclusion】The pattern of planting B.striataunderwood is more beneficial to the growth of B.striatacompared with planting in field in karst mountains.