李平心的“生产力论”在中国马克思主义学术史上的地位

The Position of Li Pingxin’s Theory on Productive Force in Academic History of Marxism in China

在20世纪50年代末,李平心撰写了18篇关于生产力问题的文章,系统地提出了生产力理论,尤以其中10篇论生产力性质的论文最为著名,在当时的中国学术界独树一帜。李平心的“生产力论”,集中阐述了政治经济学必须研究生产力,并提出了生产力具有二重性、生产力具有相对独立的运动、生产力能够自行增殖等主张。就中国马克思主义学术史视域来看,李平心关于生产力有自己的运动规律的观点,密切联系了我国经济发展的现实需要;他对生产力二重性的揭示,从理论创新的角度看是有重大的学术价值和理论价值的;他关于政治经济学应该研究生产力的主张,深化了20世纪上半期中国学者关于政治经济学研究不能脱离生产力的基本观点。尽管李平心的生产力理论也有不足之处,但他系统地提出的发展生产力、遵循生产力规律的主张,是对新中国成立后过度相信生产关系对生产力反作用的一种反思,为马克思主义政治经济学中国化作出了贡献,在中国马克思主义学术史上有着重要的地位。

At the end of the 1950s,Li Pingxin wrote 18 articles on the problems of productive force,and systematically put forward his theory,where the ten papers on the nature of productive force were the most famous ones,which were unique in Chinese academic circle at that time.In his theory,Li concentrates on the elaboration that the productive force must be studied for political economics,and proposes that the productive force has the quality of duality,relatively independent movement and proliferation by itself.From the perspective of academic history of Marxism in China,his view that the productive force has its own laws of movement is closely related to the practical needs of China’s economic development.His revelation of the duality of productive force is of great academic and theoretical value from the perspective of theoretical innovation.His proposition that the productive force must be studied for political economics has deepened the basic viewpoint of Chinese scholars in the first half of the 20th century that the study of political economics could not be separated from the productive force.Although Li Pingxin’s theory also has shortcomings,his systematic proposal of developing productivity and following its law is a reflection on the excessive belief that productive relation takes responding effect on productive force after the founding of new China.It has made contributions to the sinicization of Marxist political economics and established an important position in the academic history of Marxism in China.