临界碰撞速度下的编组列车耐撞性研究

Research on Crashworthiness of Marshalling Trains under Critical Collision Speed

为了验证车辆在碰撞临界速度下的耐撞性,基于EN 15227-2008标准,对某编组列车进行碰撞仿真分析。碰撞速度设置为临界速度42 km/h,分为固定编组和重联编组2个工况。模型中考虑了钩缓装置和吸能装置的力学特性,通过车辆在碰撞过程中的速度、加速度、车体变形、能量变化等指标分析来验证车辆的耐撞性,并对2种编组形式的碰撞响应进行对比分析。仿真研究的结果表明:列车的2种编组方式耐撞性能均可满足相关标准要求;在车辆端部(包括一位端和二位端)安装防爬吸能装置可有效防止列车爬车并提高碰撞临界安全速度;重联编组的耐撞性能更加优良,但其碰撞损失经济成本较高,可以进一步改进重联处吸能装置的配置以达到更好的效果。研究成果为车辆编组形式在整车耐撞性设计上的应用提供了一定的参考。

In order to verify the crashworthiness of the vehicle at the collision critical speed,a crash simulation analysis is performed on marshalling trains based on the EN 15227-2008 standard.The collision speed is set to a critical speed of 42 km/h,which is divided into two conditions:fixed formation and re-joining formation.The mechanical properties of the hooking device and the energy absorbing device are considered in the model.The crash resistance of the vehicle is verified through the analysis of the vehicle's speed,acceleration,car-body deformation,and energy changes during the collision,and the collision response of the two formations is compared and analyzed.The results show that the crashworthiness of the two types of trains can meet the relevant standards;Installing anti-climbing energy absorbing devices at the end of the vehicle(including A and B ends)can effectively prevent trains from climbing and increase the critical safety speed of collision;The re-joining formation has better crashworthiness,but its collision cost is higher.Therefore,the configuration of the energy absorbing device at the reconnection can be further improved to achieve better effects.The research results of this paper provide a certain reference for the application of vehicle marshalling form in the design of vehicle crashworthiness.