阶段化心理护理联合健康教育在口腔癌患者中的应用

Application of Stepwise Psychological Nursing Combined with Health Education in Patients with Oral Cancer

目的:探讨阶段化心理护理联合健康教育在口腔癌患者中的应用效果。方法:将2017年1月1日~2018年12月31日收治的80例口腔癌患者随机分为对照组和干预组各40例。对照组实施常规护理干预,干预组在对照组基础上实施阶段化心理护理联合健康教育。比较两组希望水平[采用Hearth希望指数量表(HHI)]、自尊状况[采用中文版状态自尊量表(SSES)]、体相障碍[采用鲁龙光等编制的体相障碍自评量表(SSBI)]、健康知识水平、治疗依从性、护理满意度、生活质量水平[采用华盛顿大学生存质量量表(UW-QOL)]。结果:干预后,两组HHI量表各项评分及总分均高于干预前,且干预组高于对照组(P<0.05);干预后,两组SSBI量表各项评分及总分均低于干预前(P<0.05),且干预组低于对照组(P<0.05);干预后,两组健康知识评分、SSES评分均高于干预前(P<0.05),且干预组高于对照组(P<0.05);干预组治疗依从性与护理满意度评分均高于对照组(P<0.01);干预后,两组UW-QOL评分均高于干预前(P<0.01),干预组出院当日、出院后1个月及出院后3个月的UW-QOL评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:阶段化心理护理联合健康教育能提高口腔癌患者希望水平及自尊水平,降低患者体相障碍,改善患者生活质量,有利于患者康复与回归社会。

Objective:To explore the application method and effect of stepwise psychological nursing combined with health education in patients with oral cancer.Methods:A total of 80 cases of patients with oral cancer recruited during January 1,2017 to December 31,2018 were randomly divided into the control group and the intervention group,40 cases in each group,the control group was given routine nursing intervention,the intervention group on the above basis was given stepwise psychological nursing combined with health education.Comparison was made between the two groups on the hope level by the Hearth hope index scale(HHI),the condition of self-esteem by the Chinese state self-esteem scale(SSES),body image by the self scale of body image(SSBI),health knowledge level,treatment compliance,satisfaction with nursing,quality of life level by the university of Washington quality of life scale(UW-QOL).Results:After the intervention,the HHI scores and total scores were higher in both groups than those before intervention(P<0.05),and those in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);After intervention,the SSBI scores and total scores were lower than those before the intervention(P<0.05),and those in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);After intervention,the health knowledge scores and SSES scores in both groups were higher than those before intervention(P<0.05),and those in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);The treatment compliance and nursing satisfaction scores were higher in the intervention group than those in the control group(P<0.01).After intervention,the UW-QOL scores in both groups were higher than those before intervention(P<0.01),The UW-QOL scores on the day,1 month and 3 months after discharge were higher in the intervention group than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The stepwise psychological nursing combined with health education can improve the level of hope and self-esteem in patients with oral cancer,reduce their′body image,improve their quality of life,which is helpful for their rehabilitation and return to society.