社会心理因素对医学生睡眠质量影响的结构方程模型研究

Structural equation model research of influence of social and psychological factors on sleep quality of medical students

目的:探讨医学生负性情绪、压力知觉、应对方式与睡眠质量之间关系的链式中介效应。方法:采用问卷调查量表对福建省8所医学类高校的1324名医学生进行访问调查。结果:医学生中睡眠质量好、中、差的比例分别为41.5%、39.3%和19.2%,不同一般人口学特征医学生的睡眠质量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Spearman相关性分析结果显示,压力知觉、应对方式、负性情绪和睡眠质量4个变量的各维度两两之间均呈正相关(P<0.01)。结构方程模型结果表明,压力知觉和消极应对是负性情绪影响睡眠质量的中介变量,各路径系数显著性均有统计学意义。通过中介效应分析可知,压力知觉对睡眠质量只有直接效应,影响系数为0.650;消极应对和负性情绪对睡眠质量均只有间接效应,影响系数分别为0.020和0.625。结论:压力知觉和应对方式在负性情绪与睡眠质量之间起到多重中介作用,应加强对医学生的心理健康教育,提高其心理自我调适能力。

Objective:To explore the chain mediating effect of negative emotion,stress perception,coping style and sleep quality in medical students.Method:Questionnaire survey scales were used to survey 1324 medical students from 8 medical universities in Fujian Province.Results:Among all medical students,the proportion of good,medium and poor sleep quality were 41.5%,39.3%and 19.2%respectively.And the difference of sleep quality among medical students with different general demographic characteristics was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that stress perception,coping style,negative emotion and sleep quality were all positively correlated(P<0.01).Structural equation model results showed that stress perception and negative coping were mediators of negative emotions affecting sleep quality,and the pathway coefficients were statistically significant.According to the mediating effect analysis,stress perception had only a direct effect on sleep quality,with the influence coefficient of 0.650.Both negative coping and negative emotions had only indirect effects on sleep quality,with coefficients of 0.020 and 0.625,respectively.Conclusions:Stress perception and coping style play multiple mediating roles between negative emotions and sleep quality.It is necessary to strengthen the mental health education of medical students,and improve their psychological self-adjustment ability.