人工智能与课堂教学深度融合的新路向——以“AI全科教师主讲课堂开发”为例

A New Direction for the Deep Integration of Artificial Intelligence and Classroom Teaching:Taking“Classroom Curriculum Lectured by AI General-subject Teacher”Research Project as an Example

近年来,我国不断推进智能时代教育改革,人工智能也不断推动着教育教学发生一系列变革,取得了多方面的成就。但是,人工智能究竟怎样才能与课堂教学深度融合,这一问题仍然需要重点思考和深入探索。对此,研究团队依托“德育神经科学与人工智能实验中心”这一平台,致力于“AI全科教师主讲课堂开发”,探索人工智能与课堂教学深度融合的新路向。“AI全科教师主讲课堂开发”力求破解乡村优秀教师短缺难题,推动人工智能与课堂教学深度融合而非单向整合。团队仿照“人脑连接组”建构智慧学习系统框架,在超学科研究范式下分析课堂学习活动,经历“教学设计―实验室演练―课堂试验”的研究过程,设计出以具身存在且言行规范为特征的AI全科教师。通过深度访谈、课堂观察和问卷调查,结果表明“AI全科教师主讲课堂”能够帮助学生增强学习动机、增加学习投入和提升学习成效。“AI全科教师主讲课堂开发”具有实践应用、技术创新和学术进步等多重意义与价值,未来需注重三个方面:第一,将更多技术和功能集成于AI全科教师,提升“AI全科教师主讲课堂开发”质量;第二,加快教育人工智能领域人才培养,服务“AI全科教师主讲课堂开发”;第三,重视智能技术伦理问题,明确“AI全科教师主讲课堂开发”边界。

Artificial intelligence is driving changes in education and teaching.In recent years,achievements have been made in exploring the use of virtual and augmented reality technologies to create teaching context,collecting and analyzing big data to reflect students learning,developing intelligent assistance systems to guide students learning,and developing natural language and other technical support for learning assessment.However,how to deeply integrate artificial intelligence with classroom teaching still requires reflection and exploration.In this regard,the lab for neuroscience of and artificial intelligence in moral learning makes efforts to the development of classroom curriculum lectured by AI general-subject teacher,explores a new approach of the in-depth integration of artificial intelligence and classroom teaching.The development of“classroom curriculum lectured by AI general-subject teacher”strives to solve the problem of the shortage of outstanding rural teachers and realize the deep integration of artificial intelligence and classroom teaching rather than one-way integration.The research team imitated the human connectome to construct the framework for the intelligent learning system,analyzed the classroom learning activities under the transdisciplinary studies paradigm,experienced the research process of“teaching design-laboratory exercises-class experiment”,and designed well-behaved AI general-subject teacher with embodied existence.The results of in-depth interview,classroom observation and questionnaire survey show that the AI general-subject teacher can enhance students'learning motivation,promote students'learning engagement and improve students'learning outcomes.“AI general-subject teacher-led classroom”has multiple values such as practical application,technological innovation and academic progress.In the future,three aspects need to be paid attention to:First,integrate more technologies and functions into AI general-subject teacher to improve classroom teaching quality;second,speed up the training of talents in the field of artificial intelligence in education and make contributions to AI general-subject teacher-led classroom development;third,pay attention to the ethical issues of intelligent technology,and clarify the boundaries of AI general-subject teacher-led classroom development.