微创全膝关节置换术的研究进展

Research progress of minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty

预期寿命延长和人口老龄化导致膝关节疾病患者数量急剧增加,全膝关节置换术(TKA)目前已成为治疗某些严重膝关节疾病最重要、最有效的方法。该手术可显著缓解疼痛、恢复关节功能、提高患者生活质量,微创(MIS)全膝关节置换术则为TKA的发展提供了新的思路和方法。本文概述了微创全膝关节置换术(MIS-TKA)的定义,描述了4种常见的微创手术入路和各入路之间的差异,分析了MIS-TKA在手术器械设备、病人选择、术后并发症及住院费用等方面存在的问题。目前的微创全膝关节置换术(MIS-TKA)仍存在许多局限性,需要更多的证据来证明这种手术的长期安全性和有效性,从而更客观地对微创全膝关节置换术(MIS-TKA)的优势进行评估。

With the extension of life expectancy and the aging of the population,the number of patients with knee joint diseases has increasing dramatically.Total knee arthroplasty(TKA)has become the most important and effective method to treat some serious knee joint diseases.The operation can significantly relieve pain,restore joint function and improve the quality of life of patients.Minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty provides a new thought and method for the development of TKA.This paper outlined the definition of minimally invasive TKA(MIS-TKA),describes four approaches of common minimally invasive surgical and analyzes the problems of MIS-TKA in surgical instruments,patient selection,postoperative complications and hospitalization costs.At present,minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty(MIS-TKA)still has many limitations.More evidence is needed to prove the long-term safety and effectiveness of this operation,so as to evaluate the superiority of MIS-TKA more objectively.