410马氏体不锈钢块体材料的冷金属过渡焊电弧增材制造与性能表征

Preparation and Characterization of Martensitic Stainless Steel 410 Block Parts by CMT Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

电弧增材制造具有效率高、成本低和不受成形尺寸限制等独特优势,在新型制造、修复领域拥有良好的应用前景。获得力学性能良好、显微组织均匀的电弧增材制造件是目前急需解决的问题。通过冷金属过渡焊(CMT)丝材电弧增材制造系统,制备了两种410马氏体不锈钢块体材料。光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和力学性能测试结果表明,现有工艺可制备显微组织均匀、硬度平均值为530HV、抗拉强度平均值为1196 MPa且延伸率均匀的沉积件。本工作还探讨分析了电弧增材制造件的力学性能特点及成因,并与锻造、激光增材制造等方法制得的H13热作模具钢的力学性能进行比较,分析了电弧增材制造件的性能与其他方法制备的工件性能存在差异的原因,考察了冷金属过渡电弧增材制造410不锈钢在修复件中使用的可行性,阐述了提升电弧增材制造件力学性能的方向。

Wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)has unique advantages of high efficiency,low cost and no limitation of forming size,showing application prospects in the field of novel manufacturing and repair.Obtaining WAAM parts with good mechanical properties and uniform microstructure is the problem that needs to be solved urgently.In this study,two kinds of martensitic stainless steel 410(SS 410)block parts were prepared by wire and arc additive manufacturing system based on cold metal transfer(CMT).The results of optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and mechanical properties test showed that the as-deposited parts with uniform microstructure,average hardness of 530HV,average tensile strength of 1196 MPa and uniform elongation can be obtained.The mechanical properties of as-deposited parts were discussed,and compared with wrought and laser additive manufacturing H13 hot work die steel.This work analyzed reasons for the difference between the properties of WAAM parts and forgings,examined the feasibility of using as-deposited stainless steel 410 in repairing,and explained the ways to improving mechanical properties of WAAM parts.