湖南红色旅游资源的共生势能

Symbiosis potential energy of red tourism resources in Hunan

红色旅游资源与其他旅游资源的共生开发,是市场配置资源的必然现象,研究意义重大。以湖南旅游资源为对象,以景区为共生单元,通过景区旅游资源类型结构确定红色主导、绿色主导、蓝色主导、古色主导、娱乐科教主导五类,依据景区质量指数和景区间便捷程度指数计算共生势能,基于社会网络理论运用Ucinet和ArcGIS软件分析发现:湖南旅游资源共生势能存在五个等级,表现着纯利他的首要联络中心、利他主导的次要联络中心、对称互利的重要联络点、非对称互利的一般联络点、纯利己的松散联络点属性,红色旅游资源具有共生势能的显著优势。旅游资源共生系统由五大共生群落组成,红色旅游资源发挥了显著的组织作用,长株潭红色旅游资源为优势的共生群落的内部联系最紧密,具有良好的共生势能;湘南古色、红色、蓝色旅游资源共建,湘西绿色、古色旅游资源共建,湘西南绿色旅游资源为优势的和环洞庭古色旅游资源为优势的共生群落,内部联系依次降低;长株潭红色旅游资源为优势的共生群落与其他四个共生群落均有联系,与湘南古色、红色、蓝色旅游资源共建的共生群落之间联系较紧密,而湘南古色、红色、蓝色旅游资源共建的与湘西南绿色旅游资源为优势的共生群落之间联系较紧密。红色旅游资源是湖南旅游资源共生系统核心区的主体,核心区53个景区中,红色主导型景区占33.96%;长株潭红色旅游资源为优势的共生群落中占50.9%。研究结果表明,红色旅游资源表现着对湖南旅游业发展的强大支持作用和协同作用,体现了促进区域高质量发展的独特价值。

The symbiotic development of red tourism resources and other types of tourism resources is an inevitable phenomenon of market allocation of resources, so the research is of great significance. Taking the tourism resources of Hunan province as objects and the scenic spots as symbiosis units, we identified scenic spots into five types of red-dominated, greendominated, blue-dominated, patina-dominated, and entertainment-education-dominated through the type structure of tourist resources. Calculating the symbiosis potential energy based on the scenic spots’ quality index and the convenience index between them, and using Ucinet and ArcGIS software analysis based on social network theory, we found that there are five levels of symbiosis potential energy in tourism resources of Hunan, which express properties of the primary contact center of pure altruism, the secondary contact center of altruism, the important contact point of symmetrical mutual benefit, the general contact point of asymmetric mutual benefit, and the loose contact point of pure egoistic, while red tourism resources showed an absolute advantage in symbiosis potential energy. Red tourism resources play a significant organizational role in the tourism resource symbiosis system, which is composed of five symbiosis communities. Among them, one community, with the advantage of ChangshaZhuzhou-Xiangtan(CZT) red tourism resources, has the closest internal connection and the best symbiosis potential energy, while the internal connection in the other four symbiosis communities decreases in the order of the first one co-constructed by tourism resources of patina, red and blue in southern Hunan, the second one co-constructed by tourism resources of green and patina in western Hunan, the third one with green-advantaged tourism resources in southwestern Hunan and the last one with patina-advantaged tourism resources in the area around Dongting Lake. The symbiosis community with the advantage of red tourism resources in CZT has connections with all the other four symbiosis communities, and it has a closer contact with the one which is co-constructed by tourism resources of patina, red and blue in southern Hunan. There is a closer relationship between the symbiosis community coconstructed by patina, red and blue tourism resources in southern Hunan and the symbiosis community with green-advantaged tourism resources in southwestern Hunan. Red tourism resources are the main body of the core area of the tourism resources symbiosis system in Hunan. Among 53 scenic spots in the core area, 18 are red-dominated scenic spots, accounting for 33.96%;27 belong to the symbiosis community with the advantage of red tourism resources in CZT, accounting for 50.9%. The research results show that red tourism resources perform strong support and synergy for the development of Hunan’s tourism industry, and reflect the unique value of promoting regional high-quality development.