基于幼儿园健康教学活动视频的师幼互动分析

An Analysis of Teacher-child Interaction Based on Videos of Health Teaching Activities in Kindergartens

师幼互动作为影响学前教育质量的过程性因素之一,受到越来越多研究者的关注。本文通过对幼儿园大班健康教学活动视频案例分析,采用视频案例分析法和访谈法,立足教学情境和幼儿的学习事实,从知识建构、话语结构、具身教学等方面,研讨当前师幼互动的教学现状,发现幼儿园健康教学活动中存在教师忽视幼儿经验和认知冲突的现象,预设的问题引发的思考不多,教学活动看似是以儿童为中心,实质上仍是以教师为中心,并且教师对幼儿的身心感受关注也不多。根据这些情况,对幼儿园健康教育活动改进提出教育建议,力图为提升健康教育教学活动中的互动质量提供参照和思考。

As one of the procedural factors affecting the quality of preschool education,teacher-child interaction has attracted more and more researchers’attention.This paper adopts the video case analysis method and interview method to analyze health teaching ac-tivities in senior classes in kindergartens.Then,based on the teaching situation and children’s learning facts,this paper discusses the current teaching situation of teacher-child interaction from the aspects of knowledge construction,discourse structure,physical teach-ing and so on.It is found that there is a phenomenon that teachers ignore the conflict between children’s experience and cognition in kindergarten health teaching activities,and there are few thoughts caused by preset questions.Teaching activities seem to be child-cen-tered,but in fact they are still teacher-centered.And teachers pay little attention to children’s physical and mental feelings.According to these situations,this paper puts forward educational suggestions for the improvement of health education activities in kindergartens,in an effort to provide reference and thinking for improving the interactive quality of health education teaching activities.