突发公共卫生事件下劳动合同解除正当性审视

Review on the Legitimacy of Termination of Labor Contract under Public Health Emergencies

新冠疫情这一突发公共卫生事件使劳动关系领域发生了一些新变化,劳动者和用人单位基于非理性趋向任意行使劳动合同解除权,无限凸显其“经济人”单方意思表示,无视其作为“社会人”对整体利益的需求弹性。归根结底,《劳动合同法》预告解除等法律规范缺乏对行为人解除行为的必要限制,传统理论对合同解除权形成权属性界定在实践中被盲目适用,劳动关系主体之间利益平衡被当然打破。为此,有必要对劳动合同单方解除事由正当性进行审视,以解除事由类型化作为根本着力点,建立双重责任制度合理规制劳动合同解除权,最终实现社会整体利益提升。

The outburst of COVID-19,a public health emergency,has led to some new changes in the field of labor relations.Employees and employers carried out irrational behaviors that a labor contract could be dissolved by one side with their personal thoughts,highlighting the individual thoughts of an economic man while neglecting the elasticity of demand of the collective interests of a social man.All in all,termination of contracts by notice and other rules in Labor Contract Law lack necessary restriction on the act of rescission of a doer while the traditional interpretation of attribute definition of the right to terminate a contract is applied randomly in practice,breaking the balance between the interests of different subjects in labor relations.Therefore,it is necessary to review the legitimacy of unilateral termination of labor contract,taking the typification of causes as the fundamental focus,establishing a way of dual responsibility to implement reasonable restrictions on the rights of termination,thus enhancing the overall interests of the society.