美国PDS模式下的教育实习变革:政策引领与实践推进——以马里兰州为例

A Study on Policy and Practice of Educational Internship under the Model of PDS in the US——Take Maryland for Example

通过改进教育实习改善教师职前培养,是美国专业发展学校的重要功能之一。马里兰州作为专业发展学校模式下教育实习探索的典范,其改革已初见成效。在政策引领方面,各级教育行政部门的持续关注以及政策性文件《教师教育重组》的发布至为关键;实践探索方面,马里兰大学帕克分校围绕“反思性实践者”培养目标,对组织机构、人员配置、实习过程、实习内容、实习评价等的系统设计,为合作关系的长效运行提供了保障。这启示我们在后续教育实习改革中,要进一步深入践行实践、反思、合作等现代教师发展理念,注重政策引领与实践探索双轮驱动,追求有效机制与恰切策略的有机整合。

It is one of the most important functions of professional development school to enhance teacher preparation through improving educational internship.The reform of Maryland,as the example of educational internship exploration under PDS model,has achieved initial success.In the aspect of policy guidance,the continuing concern of the education administration and the release of the policy document“redesign of teacher education”are very essential.In the aspect of practical exploration,UMCP centered around the cultivation aim of reflective practitioner preparation,and systematically designed the organization,personnel allocation,process,content and evaluation.This give us the following enlightment:thoroughly applying modern teacher development concepts such as reflection,collaboration and practice,paying attention to policy guidance and practice exploration simultaneously and pursuing the organic integration of effective mechanism and appropriate strategy.