长江上游三峡水库入库泥沙沙峰传播时间研究

Study on sand peak propagation time of input sediment of Three Gorges Reservoir in Upper Changjiang River

为进一步掌握长江上游三峡水库入库泥沙沙峰传播规律、提高入库泥沙沙峰预报精度,制定更加科学合理的三峡水库沙峰调度方案,基于三峡水库蓄水以来长江上游主要控制性水文站水沙实测资料,分析了长江上游水沙组成,并对长江上游各主要控制性水文站沙峰传播时间进行了研究。结果表明:2003年以来,长江上游来沙明显减少,向家坝站、横江站、高场站及富顺站沙峰到朱沱站的平均传播时间分别为38.7,32.0,30.9 h和20.8 h,武胜站、罗渡溪站和小河坝站沙峰到北碚站平均传播时间分别为16.9,19.0,20.0 h,朱沱站、北碚站到寸滩站分别为20.8,7.7 h;当向家坝至朱沱河段流量小于10000 m^(3)/s时,沙峰传播时间为48.0 h,当流量为10000~20000 m^(3)/s时,河段沙峰传播时间为32.7~46.3 h,当流量为20000~30000 m^(3)/s时,河段沙峰传播时间为27.0~32.7 h,当流量大于30000 m^(3)/s时,河段沙峰传播时间少于27.0 h。

To further grasp the law of sand peak propagation and improve the prediction accuracy of sand peak in the upper reaches of the Changjiang River,and formulate a more scientific and reasonable dispatch scheme of sand peak in the Three Gorges Reservoir,we analyzed the composition of water and sediment in the upper reaches of the Changjiang River based on the measured data of water and sediment of the main hydrological stations in the upper reaches of the Changjiang River since the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir.In addition,the propagation time of sand peak at the main hydrological stations in the upper reaches of the Changjiang River was preliminarily studied.The results show that since 2003 the sediment in the upper reaches of the Changjiang River has significantly reduced,and the average propagation time of sand peak from Xiangjiaba station,Hengjiang station,Gaochang station and Fushun station to Zhutuo station is 38.7 h,32.0 h,30.9 h and 20.8 h,respectively.The propagation time from Wusheng station,Luoduxi station and Xiaoheba station to Beibeistation is 16.9 h,19.0 h and 20.0 h,respectively.The propagation time from Zhutuo station and Beibei station to Cuntan station is 20.8 h and 7.7 h,respectively.When the discharge of the reach from Xiangjiaba to Zhutuo station is less than 10000 m^(3)/s,the average propagation time of sand peak is 48.0 h.When the discharge is in the range of 10000~20000 m^(3)/s,the average propagation time of sand peak is 32.7~46.3 h.When the discharge is in the range of 20000~30000 m^(3)/s,the average propagation time of sand peak is 27.0~32.7 h.When the discharge is more than 30000 m^(3)/s,the average propagation time of sand peak is less than 27.0 h.