澜沧江-湄公河水资源合作的现实、挑战与方向

Lancang-Mekong River water resources cooperation:reality,challenge and direction

澜沧江-湄公河是该流域沿岸6国重要的经济纽带和资源命脉,流域水资源开发利用水平总体不高,气候变化条件下水旱灾害风险严峻;而由于水资源合作共商、共建、共享机制不健全,信息共享程度不高,关键技术问题研究不够深入,以及缺乏联合开展防洪抗旱减灾的合力,导致水事纠纷误解仍时有发生。为此,从必要性、现状、挑战、方向4个层次,研究了澜沧江-湄公河水资源合作的落地方案。结果表明:澜沧江-湄公河水资源合作是民心所向、大势所趋,应由澜沧江-湄公河流域6国自己主导,照顾彼此需求,响应关切,厘清责权利,完善合作机制,加强信息共享和能力建设;在此基础上,推动水工程联合调度、深化联合研究、促进基础设施建设,进而凝聚共识、补齐短板、共迎挑战。

The Lancang-Mekong River is an important economic link and resource lifeline for the six countries along the coast.The development and utilization of water resources in the basin is generally not high,and the flood and drought disaster risks under climate change conditionsare severe.Due to the unsound mechanism of extensive consultation,joint contribution and shared benefits of water resources cooperation,insufficient degree of information sharing,and inadequate research on key technical issues,and lack of joint efforts to carry out flood control,drought relief and disaster reduction,the misunderstandings in water disputes still occur from time to time.Therefore,this paper studied the implementation plan of the Lancang-Mekong River water resources cooperation from four aspects of necessity,status,challenge and direction.The results show that the Lancang-Mekong River water resources cooperation is the general trend of the people's aspirations and should be led by the six countries themselves.The six countries should take care of each other's needs,respond to concerns,clarify responsibilities,rights and obligations,improve cooperation mechanisms,and strengthen information sharing and capacity building.On this basis,this paper suggested to promote joint scheduling of water projects,deepen joint research,promote infrastructure construction,and then build consensus,make up for the shortcomings,and meet challenges together.