煤气化灰渣组成结构及分选加工研究进展

Composition structure and separation processing of ash and slag during coal gasification

煤炭气化是我国煤化工产业发展的龙头技术。随着煤化工产业的蓬勃发展,煤炭气化灰渣量增速巨大。目前,煤炭气化灰渣主要以堆积填埋方式处理为主。这不仅增加了企业的处理和运输成本,同时,造成了土地资源的极大浪费,以及水体、土壤等严重污染。因此,迫切需要突破煤炭气化灰渣的清洁高效分质利用技术瓶颈。文中针对制约煤炭气化灰渣清洁高效利用的关键科学问题,以煤炭气化灰渣的组成结构与分选加工利用为主线,重点分析了煤炭气化灰渣的组成结构及其影响因素,以及形成机理等。在此基础上,对煤炭气化灰渣精细分选加工利用,特别是残炭与玻璃微珠的分选技术进行了重点讨论。最后,对未来煤炭气化灰渣的基础与应用研究趋势进行了展望。

Coal gasification is the leading technology in the development of coal chemical industry in China.With the vigorous development of coal chemical industry,the amount of coal gasification ash and slag increases rapidly.The landfill is the main treatment method of the coal gasification ash and slag.This not only increases the treatment and transportation costs of enterprises,but also causes great waste of land resources and serious pollution of water and soil.Therefore,it is urgent to break through the technical bottleneck of clean and efficient utilization of coal gasification ash and slag,as well as the key scientific problems behind it.In view of the key scientific problems restricting the clean and efficient utilization of coal gasification ash and slag,this paper focuses on the analysis of the composition and structure of coal gasification ash and slag,its influencing factors,and the formation mechanism.On this basis,the fine separation,processing and utilization of coal gasification ash and slag,especially the separation technology of carbon residue and glass beads were discussed.Finally,the basic and application research trend of coal gasification ash and slag in the future is prospected.