城镇空间扩张与景观生态风险的耦合关联——以江西省袁州区为例

Coupling Relationship Between Urban Spatial Expansion and Landscape Ecological Risk——A Case Study of Yuanzhou District in Jiangxi Province

基于城镇扩张强度系数、景观生态风险指数、地统计分析和GWR模型,分析了袁州区2000—2018年城镇扩张时空动态变化特征,景观生态风险时空分布特征,揭示了袁州区城镇扩张与生态风险之间的耦合联系。结果如下:(1) 2000—2018年,袁州区城镇用地面积增长了2.65倍,扩张强度系数为0.14%。空间呈东西方沿沪昆高速、袁河发展,往北沿万宜公路发展的倒"T"型发展格局,同时慈化、温汤和新坊扩张也较为明显。(2)林地作为袁州区优势度最大的景观类型正在逐渐丧失优势,耕地和城镇建设用地面积增长十分显著,此外未利用地和水域景观损失度很高。(3)中等及以上生态风险区范围显著减小,低生态风险区范围明显增大,中心城区完成从高生态风险向较低生态风险的转化。(4)城镇用地与景观生态风险总体呈正相关关系,中心城区的回归系数与同期其他地区相比都较低。城镇扩张强度系数与景观生态风险变化率回归系数有正有负,中心城区及其附近乡镇表现为正相关关系。研究结论可为城镇发展与生态保护协调优化提供参考。

Based on the intensity coefficient of urban expansion, landscape ecological risk index, geostatistical analysis and GWR Model, the spatial and temporal dynamic characteristics of urban expansion and landscape ecological risk in Yuanzhou District from 2000 to 2018 were analyzed, and the coupling relationship between urban expansion and ecological risk in Yuanzhou district was revealed. The results are as follows.(1) From 2000 to 2018, the urban land area of Yuanzhou District increased by 2.65 times, and the expansion intensity coefficient was 0.14%;the space presented as the inverted T-shaped development pattern in the east and west along Shanghai Kunming Expressway and Yuanhe River, and northward along Wanyi highway. At the same time, Cihua, Wentang and Xinfang were also expanding obviously;(2) As the most dominant landscape type in Yuanzhou District, woodland was gradually losing its advantages. The areas of cultivated land and construction land were increasing significantly. In addition, the losses of unused land and water landscape was very high.(3) The range of medium and above ecological risk areas significantly reduced, and the scope of low ecological risk areas significantly increased. The central urban area completed the transformation from high ecological risk to low ecological risk.(4) Urban land use and landscape ecological risk were positively correlated, and the regression coefficient of central urban area was lower than that of other areas in the same period. There were positive and negative regression coefficients between urban expansion intensity coefficient and landscape ecological risk change rate, and there was a positive correlation between urban expansion intensity coefficient and landscape ecological risk change rate. This research conclusion can provide reference for the coordinated optimization of urban development and ecological protection.