基于TOPSIS法的长三角城市群土地利用效益评价

Evaluation of Land Use Benefit of Urban Agglomeration in the Yangtze River Delta Based on TOPSIS Method

土地利用效益评价对于推进土地资源的集约利用,并最终实现区域的可持续发展具有重要的意义。以长三角城市群的26个地级市为研究对象,利用变异系数法测算地均国民生产总值等15个指标的权重,再运用TOPSIS法确定各效益的相对接近度,探究2012年前后土地利用效益的时空变化。研究表明:(1)长三角城市群各土地利用效益权重指数排序为:经济效益>生态效益>社会效益,经济效益对土地利用综合效益影响最大;(2)长三角城市群土地综合效益较低且各地级市土地利用效益差异明显;从不同省份看,上海市经济、社会、综合效益遥遥领先,安徽省土地综合效益低下;(3)从不同城市等级规模看,城市等级规模越高,土地经济效益和综合效益亦越高,生态效益却降低;(4) 2012年前后,除生态效益外各土地利用效益呈现出持续提高的趋势,综合效益等级在空间分布上呈现出"东高西低,南高北低"的特征,且各地级市的差距逐渐缩小。最后提出加强各地级市经济、生态方面的合作,政府出台合理的政策与措施的建议。

The evaluation of land use benefit is of great significance to promote the intensive use of land resources and ultimately realize the sustainable development of the region. We took 26 prefecture-level cities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration as the research samples, used the coefficient of variation method to measure the weights of 15 indicators such as per capita gross national product, and then used the TOPSIS method to determine the relative proximity of each benefit, and explored spatiotemporal changes of land use benefits before and after after 2012. The results show that:(1) the weight index of each land use benefit in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration follows the order of economic benefit>ecological benefit>social benefit;economic benefit is the aspect that has the greatest impact on the comprehensive benefits of land use.(2) the comprehensive land benefits of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomerations are low and the land use benefits of cities at different levels differ significantly;(3) from the perspective of different provinces, Shanghai′s economic, social, and comprehensive benefits are far ahead, while Anhui Province′s comprehensive land benefits are low;from the perspective of different city levels, the higher the city level scale, the higher the land economic and comprehensive benefits, but the ecological benefits lower:(4) after 2012 of the Communist Party of China, except for the ecological benefits, the land use benefits showed a continuous improvement trend. The spatial distribution of comprehensive benefits showed the characteristics of ‘high in the east and low in the west, high in the south and low in the north’. The gap is gradually narrowing. Finally, it is proposed to strengthen cooperation between the four provinces and 26 prefecture-level cities, and the government should introduce the reasonable policies and measures.