胡瑗“言传身教”思想对幼儿教师教育的实践观照

A Practical Observation of Hu Yuan’s“Teaching by Words and Deeds”Thought on Preschool Teacher Education

胡瑗是我国北宋著名教育家,教育成就卓著。他视生如子、勤苦乐学、率先垂范,始终秉持“言传身教”的思想和实践,这对当代幼儿教师教育有着重要的教育启示。当前幼儿教师的教育素养仍存在诸多困境,幼儿教师规则意识淡薄、礼仪行为缺失、学习品质欠佳、暴力行为偶发等问题深深影响幼儿的身心健康发展。胡瑗“言传身教”思想融入幼儿教师教育已成为实践诉求。通过加强幼儿教师德性教育,建构“情感共有”的师幼关系;提升幼儿教师向学素养,营造“明体达用”的师幼学风;提升幼儿教师榜样意识,建设“敦尚行实”的师幼文化等,为幼儿教师的“言传身教”和幼儿生命发展奠定基础,从而促进幼儿的生命成长和师幼关系的健康发展。

Hu Yuan,a famous educator in ancient China,has made outstanding achievements in education.He regarded students as children,worked hard and liked to learn,took the lead in setting an example,and always adhered to the idea and practice of“teaching by words and deeds”,which has outstanding educational enlightenment for contemporary preschool teacher education.At present,there are still many dilemmas in the current preschool teachers’education,which deeply affect the healthy development of children’s body and mind,such as some preschool teachers’weak awareness of rules,lack of etiquette behavior,poor quality of study and frequent violence.Hu Yuan’s thought of“teaching by words and deeds”has become a practical demand for early childhood teacher education.By strengthening the moral education of preschool teachers,the teacher-child relationship of“shared emotion”is constructed.We can also enhance preschool teachers’learning attainment and create a learning style of“sensible and practical”for teachers and children;we can enhance the awareness of preschool teachers’role models and build the teacher-child culture of“being honest and practical”,to lay the foundation for preschool teachers’“teaching by words and deeds”and children’s life development,so as to promote children’s life growth and teacher-child relationship development.