氟啶胺防治青花菜根肿病的节本增效技术

Study on the Technology of Saving Cost and Increasing Efficiency in Controlling Broccoli Clubroot Disease

为探索氟啶胺防治青花菜根肿病的节本增效技术特开展大田试验,比较不同灌根水量、不同药剂产品以及添加海藻酸对防治效果的影响。结果表明:青花菜移栽后3 d,结合施肥采用500 g/L氟啶胺SC 2 250 g/hm^(2)大水量灌根处理,会因药剂稀释倍数过高而降低防治效果,因此需要增加50%药剂有效剂量才能达到常规水量灌根处理的防效,但药肥同施可以使人工和汽油成本减半,在防效相当的情况下,常规水量处理的成本仅比大水量处理的少40元/hm^(2);40%氟啶胺SC与500 g/L氟啶胺SC对青花菜根肿病防治效果相近,但前者比后者的药剂成本低25%;500 g/L氟啶胺SC中添加海藻酸对青花菜根肿病无明显增效作用,但能够促进植株生长,体现在株高、叶面积增加,生育期提前,海藻酸用量对促进作用无显著影响。综合考虑,采用40%氟啶胺SC+海藻酸结合肥料大水量灌根的方式可有效防治青花菜根肿病,同时降低成本。

In order to explore the technology of saving cost and increasing efficiency in controlling broccoli clubroot disease,the field experiments were carried out to compare the effects of two dosages of fluazinam suspension concentrates on controlling broccoli clubroot disease by applying with two amounts of irrigating water and adding alginic acid.The results showed that:(1)at 3 days after transplantation,the broccoli roots were irrigated with the mixture of fertilizer and fluazinam 500 g/L SC(effective dosage:2250 g/hm^(2))diluted by a large amount of water,the excessive dilution reduced the efficacy of fluazinam.It was necessary to increase the effective dosage by 50%to achieve the effect of conventional root irrigation.However,the costs of labor and gasoline could be reduced by half when the fungicide was applied with fertilizer.With the same control effect,the cost of the conventional irrigation treatment was 40 yuan/hm^(2) less than that of the mixture irrigation of fertilizer and fluazinam diluted by a large amout of water,but the difference wasn’t significant.(2)The control effects of fluazinam 40%SC and fluazinam 500 g/L SC were similar,but the cost of fluazinam 40%SC was 25%less than that of fluazinam 500 g/L SC.(3)The addition of alginic acid to fluazinam 500 g/L SC had no obvious synergistic effect on controlling clubroot disease,but could promote the plant growth,which was reflected in the increases of plant height and leaf area,and the advance of growth period;but the dosages of alginic acid had no significant effect on synergism.Therefore diluted by a large amount of wate,the mixture irrigation of fluazinam 40%SC+alginic acid+fertilizer could effectively control broccoli clubroot disease and reduce the cost.