湘潭市城乡交错带土地利用变化及其对生态服务价值的影响

Variation of Land Use in Urban-rural Fringe of Xiangtan and Its Effect on Ecosystem Service Value

基于1988年和2018年湘潭市城乡交错带Landsat遥感影像解译数据研究该区域土地利用变化特征,并估算这些变化对研究区生态服务价值的影响。结果表明:1988—2018年,湘潭市城乡交错地带的耕地、园地、林地、水域、未利用地面积均呈下降趋势,耕地面积减少最多,达3 812.35 hm^(2),其次是水域,减少380.92 hm^(2),而居民地与独立工矿、交通用地面积大幅增涨,分别增加4 146.47、553.44 hm^(2),城市扩张明显;研究区总ESV由1988年的7.73亿元下降到2018年的6.70亿元,其中土地生态系统的供给服务、调节服务、文化服务和支持服务分别下降22.11%、14.56%、8.20%和18.54%,其原因在于高ESV的耕地、林地、水域转化为低ESV的居民地和交通用地。根据研究结果,笔者从4个方面提出了优化湘潭市城乡交错带未来空间布局的建议。

Base on the Landsat remote sensing image interpretation data of the urban-rural fringe of Xiangtan City from 1988 to 2018,this paper has studied the variant characteristics of the local land use,and estimated the corresponding influence on the ecological service value(ESV)of the study area.The results showed that from 1988 to 2018,the areas of cultivated land,garden plot,forest land,water area and unused land in the urban-rural fringe of Xiangtan City showed a downward trend.The area of cultivated land decreased most,reaching 3812.35 hm^(2),followed by water area with a decrease of 380.92 hm^(2).While the areas of residential land and independent industrial and mining land,and transportation land significantly increased by 4146.47 hm^(2) and 553.44 hm^(2),respectively,thus the urban expansion was obvious.The total ESV in the study area decreased from 773 million yuan in 1988 to 670 million yuan in 2018,among which the supply services,regulation services,cultural services and support services of the land ecosystem decreased by 22.11%,14.56%,8.20%and 18.54%,respectively.The reason is that the cultivated land,forest land and water area with high ESV are transformed into residential land and transportation land with low ESV.According to the research results,the author puts forward some suggestions on optimizing the future spatial layout of the urban-rural fringe of Xiangtan City from four aspects.