2002—2015年山西省农村地区15岁及以上居民蔬菜和水果摄入情况追踪研究

A follow-up study on the intake of vegetables and fruits in rural residents(≥15 years old)of Shanxi Province from 2002 to 2015

目的了解2002—2015年山西农村15岁及以上居民蔬菜和水果摄入及变化情况,为我国北方农村居民膳食指导提供科学依据。方法在2002年中国居民营养与健康调查的基础上,2015年对山西省5个农村地区的居民进行跟踪调查。选取2002年基线和2015年随访中参与两次调查且具有完整食物频率数据的786名居民为研究对象。2002年和2015年采用相同的调查问卷收集研究对象基本情况、蔬菜和水果摄入量和摄入频次。应用SAS 9.4软件进行χ2检验,Kruskal-Wallis检验,Wilcoxon检验和Spearman相关性检验。结果2002—2015年,研究对象蔬菜摄入量中位数由150.00 g/d上升至200.00 g/d;水果摄入量中位数由21.43 g/d上升至100.00 g/d。2002—2015年蔬菜和水果摄入量增加的个体所占比例最高(分别为58.78%和70.74%),蔬菜和水果摄入频次不变的个体所占比例最高(分别为67.94%和42.75%)。2002—2015年,15~44岁组与45~59岁组居民蔬菜摄入量变化差异均有统计学意义(P<0.0167)。2002—2015年,15~44岁组与45~59岁组、60岁及以上组居民水果摄入量和摄入频次变化差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.0167)。结论2002—2015年山西省农村地区15岁及以上居民蔬菜水果摄入量增加的占比最高,但蔬菜和水果摄入频次不变的占比最高。

Objective To understand the intake status and changes of vegetables and fruits in 786 rural residents(≥15 years old)of Shanxi Province from 2002 to 2015,and to provide the scientific basis for the dietary guidance of rural residents in northern China.Methods Based on the 2002 Chinese Resident Nutrition and Health Survey,a follow-up investigation was conducted in the residents of 5 rural areas in Shanxi Province in 2015;786 residents with complete food frequency data,who participated in two investigations during the 2002 baseline and the 2015 follow-up,served as the objects.The same questionnaire in 2002 and 2015 investigations was used to collect the basic information of subjects,the intake of vegetables and fruits,and the intake frequency.Theχ2 test,Kruskal-Wallis test,Wilcoxon test and Spearman correlation test were used to analyze the data.The used software was SAS 9.4.Results From 2002 to 2015,the vegetable intake median of subjects increased from 150.00 g/d to 200.00 g/d;the fruit intake median of subjects increased from 21.43 g/d to 100.00 g/d.From 2002 to 2015,the proportion of individuals with increased intake of vegetables and fruits was the highest(58.78%and 70.74%,respectively),and the proportion of individuals with the same intake frequency was the highest(67.94%and 42.75%,respectively).From 2002 to 2015,there were significant differences of vegetables and fruits changes in 15-44 years old group and 45-59 years old group(P<0.0167).From 2002 to 2015,there were significant differences of fruits intake volume changes and fruits intake frequency changes(P<0.0167).Conclusion From 2002 to 2015,the proportion of the population aged 15 and over in rural areas of Shanxi Province with increased intake of vegetables and fruits was the highest,but the proportion of the population with the same frequency of intake of vegetables and fruits was the highest.