历史合力论对经济决定论的批判反思与经验启示

The Critical Reflection and Practical Enlightenment of the Theory of Synthesized Historical Forces on Economic Determinism

经济决定论把唯物史观庸俗化为经济唯物主义,企图用经济因素的自发作用解释曲折复杂的人类历史和丰富多样的社会形态,这种曲解唯物史观的认知模式也给国际共产主义运动带来了诸多不利影响。为澄清理论、解疑释惑,恩格斯以超人的胆识和非凡的智慧提出了历史合力论,阐述了历史发展进程中经济因素与非经济因素、必然性与偶然性的辩证关系,丰富发展了唯物史观。社会主义建设的历史经验表明,能否正确理解、运用马克思主义的历史合力思想和社会发展理论,考量着社会主义国家建设的成败得失。因此,深入领悟和审视历史合力论对我们正在进行的社会主义现代化建设具有重要启示和价值。

Economic determinism vulgarizes historical materialism as economic materialism and tries to inter⁃pret the tortuous complex human history and various social forms with the spontaneous function of economic factors.This cognitive mode of misinterpreting historical materialism brings many adverse effects to interna⁃tional communist movement.To clarify the theory and explain doubts,Engels proposed the theory of synthe⁃sized historical forces with superhuman courage and extraordinary wisdom,and elaborated the dialectical re⁃lation between economic and non-economic factors and between inevitability and contingency in the process of historical development,which enriched and developed historical materialism.The historical experience of socialist construction shows that whether the theory of synthesized historical forces and social development theory can be correctly understood and applied has an impact on the success of the construction of socialist countries.Therefore,to deeply understand and examine the theory of synthesized historical forces is of cru⁃cial enlightenment and value for our ongoing socialist modernization.