提升残疾人获得感的多阶段小组:一项随机对照试验

A Multi-Stage Group Intervention for Increasing Sense of Gain for Individuals with Physical Disabilities:A Randomized Controlled Trial

本文通过梳理获得感相关理论,将获得感操作化为愉悦感(过去)、参与感(当下)和生命意义(未来)三个阶段,在此基础上,设计将积极心理干预(改善情绪健康)、幸福疗法(促进蓬勃发展)和意义疗法(追寻生命意义)等多种干预策略相结合以提升残疾人获得感的多阶段小组。研究采用随机对照试验的方法探索小组干预的有效性,使用优势知识和使用量表、抑郁-焦虑-压力量表、蓬勃发展量表以及生命意义问卷进行测量。共有50名参与者完成了干预前测、后测和3个月后的随访测试。研究观察到负面情绪、蓬勃发展、生命意义在干预组和控制组之间呈现组间差异,但干预效果的持续性可能有限。本研究是残疾人社会工作服务中的一次循证实践探索,为发展社会工作服务以促进残疾人获得感的提供了科学方案。

The current study developed a multi-stage intervention and examined its efficacy on fostering the sense of gain for people with physical disabilities,using a randomized controlled and single-blind trial.Based on existential,humanistic,strengths,and ontological perspectives,the sense of gain was operationalized as a combination of pleasure,engagement,and meaning.The intervention strategies were derived from positive psychology intervention,cognitive behavioral therapy,well-being therapy and meaning therapy.A total of 50 participants(Mage=42.12,SD=8.68,26 in the intervention condition,24 in the control condition)completed the preintervention,postintervention,and 3-month follow-up tests.The 2×3 mixed repeated measure analyses and post hoc analyses revealed a significant main group effect on negative emotion,flourishing and meaning in life.The results indicated that the multi-stage intervention could significantly promote the sense of gain in the intervention group.However,the effects of the intervention did not last till three months.Despite the limited sample size,excessive use of self-reported data and lack of a placebo group,our study generated convincing evidence for social workers to conduct an effective intervention in the field of social work and disability.