摘要
现阶段,我国人工智能的就业效应仍然以替代效应为主,创新效应亟待开发。本文基于市场导向视角,数理演绎了人工智能就业替代-创新效应的作用机制及影响因素,实证检验了我国人工智能替代-创新效应的发展阶段,基于技术进步理论总结并提出了就业外部性创新效应的途径。研究发现:人工智能就业替代效应和创新效应之间存在着市场最优配置,技能溢价、资本溢价和要素结构是人工智能替代-创新效应的内生决定因素。随着我国人工智能的发展,替代效应相对于创新效应会逐渐增强。可以通过宏观调控来发挥基于创新外部性的创新效应,在此基础上提出了制定长短期劳动力发展规划等启示。
At present,the employment effect of artificial intelligence in China is still dominated by substitution effect,and the innovation effect needs to be developed.Based on the market-oriented perspective,this paper mathematically deduces the mechanism and influencing factors of AI employment substitution innovation effect,empirically tests the development stage of AI substitution innovation effect in China,and based on the theory of technological progress,summarizes and puts forward the ways of employment externality innovation effect.It is found that there is an optimal market allocation between AI substitution effect and AI innovation effect.Skill premium,capital premium and factor structure are the endogenous determinants of AI substitution innovation effect.With the development of artificial intelligence in China,the substitution effect will gradually increase compared with the innovation effect.We can play the innovation effect based on innovation externality through macro-control.On this basis,we put forward some enlightenments.
出处
《企业经济》
北大核心
2021年第7期137-145,共9页
Enterprise Economy
基金
教育部人文社会科学青年项目“我国制造业技术进步偏向性的空间扩散效应研究”(项目编号:18YJC790174)
浙江省教育厅一般项目“环境规制、技术空间溢出与浙江省工业绿色转型研究”(项目编号:Y201942276)。
关键词
市场导向
人工智能
替代效应
创新效应
market orientation
artificial intelligence
substitution effect
innovation effect
