有机微量元素在奶牛养殖中应用的研究进展

Research Progress on Application of Organic Trace Element in Dairy Cattle Breeding

微量元素主要是指锌、锰、铜、铁、硒、铬、钴、碘等,其在日粮中的添加量低,但却在体内抗氧化等方面发挥着重要的作用,微量元素的离子主要在小肠通过主动转运或上皮细胞间隙吸收;在主动吸收模式下其可能共用转运载体,因此存在拮抗情况。反刍动物对微量元素的吸收受复杂的因素所影响,有机微量元素具有更高的吸收率,补充有机微量元素对奶牛健康、繁殖和生产性能产生有利影响。文章主要综述了锌、锰、铜、铁、硒等五种主要有机微量在奶牛上的应用。

Microelements mainly refer to zinc,manganese,copper,iron,selenium,chromium,cobalt,iodine and so on.The addition of microelements in feed is low,but they play an important role in anti-oxidation.The ions of microelements are mainly absorbed in the small intestine through active transport or epithelial interstitial cells.In the active absorption mode,there is antagonism,because the transport carrier may be shared.The absorption of microelements by ruminants is affected by complex factors.The organic microelements have higher absorption rate.Supplementing organic microelements havebeneficial effects on the health,reproduction and production performance of dairy cattle.The research and application progress of the five organic microelements(Zn,Mn,Cu,Fe and Se)in dairy cattle were reviewed in this paper.