2008~2018年我国手足口病流行性分析

Prevalence analysis of hand, foot and mouth disease in China, 2008-2018

目的∶分析我国20082018年手足口病的流行情况,为手足口疫情预防与控制提供参考。方法∶从中国知网(CNKI)网站上检索符合条件的文献,对20082018年全国手足口病报道数据进行系统分析。采用Excel表格和SPSS 20.00进行数据统计,GraphPad Prism 6进行制图。结果∶分析结果显示,20082018年我国手足口病平均发病率约为(123.37±93.14)例/10万人,男女比例为(1.50±0.15)∶1,发病人群绝大多数集中于5岁以下年龄段,以散居儿童为主;发病时间呈现明显的季节性特征,其中单峰的省份高于双峰省份,双峰发病趋势分别为47月份和1011月份,单峰发病趋势主要集中在57月份。基于空间分布研究显示发病规律出现明显的地区差异(P<0.05),高发病率地区主要集中在我国的东南部,自西向东和自北向南呈现发病率逐渐增高趋势。致病病原体以EV71、CA16和其他肠道病毒为主,其中以EV71为主要致病病原体占53.5%;以CA16为主要致病病原体占14.3%;以其他肠道病毒为主要致病病原体占32.2%。结论∶我国手足口病发病率高,有明显地域、季节、性别和年龄等分布特征。根据本地区手足口病发病规律,对重点区域和人群提前做好防控是切断疫情传播的有效途径。

Objective∶ To analyze the prevalence of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in China during 2008-2018 and to provide reference for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods∶Literature eligible for selection was retrieved from the China’s national knowledge infrastructure project(CNKI),and data from 2008-2018 Chinese HFMD reports were systematically analyzed. Excel and SPSS 20.00 were used for statistical analysis,and Graph Pad Prism 6 was used for mapping. Results∶ The analysis showed that the average incidence rate of HFMD in China from 2008 to 2018 was 123.37±93.14 cases per 100 000 people,with a male-to-female ratio of(1.50±0.15)∶1,and the vast majority of cases were concentrated in the under-5 age group,mainly in scattered children. The time of onset of HFMD showed obvious seasonal characteristics,in which single-peak provinces were higher than double-peak provinces,with double-peak trends in April-July and October-November,respectively,and single-peak trends mainly in May-July. Based on the spatial distribution study,the incidence pattern showed obvious regional differences(P<0.05),with high incidence concentrated in the southeastern part of the country,and a gradual increase in incidence from west to east and north to south of China. EV71,CA16 and other enteric viruses were the main pathogens of HFMD,with EV71 accounting for 53.5%,CA16 is accounting for 14.3% and other enteric viruses accounting for 32.2% of the pathogens. Conclusions∶The incidence of HFMD in China is high,with obvious geographical,seasonal,gender and age distribution characteristics. According to the pattern of HFMD incidence in the region,early prevention and control of key areas and groups is an effective way to cut off the spread of the disease.