江西省高校大学生心理健康状况调查及对策研究

Investigation and Countermeasures on Mental Health Status of College Students in Jiangxi Province

采用SCL-90对江西省高校随机抽取36078名大学生的心理健康状况进行了问卷调查,并采用SPSS20软件对数据进行描述性统计、t检验和方差分析。结果表明:SCL-90的总分均分为130.8,SD为50.6,心理健康分数未达到阳性筛选标准。各因子均分均未超过2分,表明江西省高校大学生的整体心理健康水平良好。不同高校、年级、与父母关系、家庭状况、生活满意度和心理韧性水平的大学生,心理健康状况差异显著。大四学生的心理健康状况显著差于大三、大二、大一学生;高职院校与民办院校的学生心理健康水平显著差于本、专科院校的学生。在学校区域上,赣东、赣北与赣西的学生,心理健康状况显著好于赣中与赣南的学生。有留守经历学生的心理健康水平显著低于没有留守经历的学生,父母吵架的频率越低,学生的心理健康水平越高,心理韧性水平越高,其心理健康水平越高。

This study chooses SCL-90(the Symptom Check List-90)to conduct a questionnaire survey on the mental health of 36,078 college students randomly selected from major universities in Jiangxi Province.And SPSS20 software is used to perform descriptive statistics,t-test and analysis of variance on the data.The results show that the total score of SCL-90 is 130.8 and the SD is 50.6.The mental health score does not meet the positive screening criteria.The average score for each factor does not exceed 2 points.The top three factors are compulsion,interpersonal sensitivity,and depression.The overall mental health of college students in Jiangxi Province is good.In addition,there are significant differences in the mental health status of college students from schools of different types or grades,with different parental relationships,family status,life satisfaction and psychological resilience levels.The mental health of seniors is significantly worse than that of juniors,sophomores,and freshmen.The mental health of students in higher vocational colleges and private colleges is significantly worse than that of students in four-year or three-year public universities and colleges.In terms of the school location,the mental health status of students in eastern,northern and western Jiangxi is significantly better than that in central and southern Jiangxi.The mental health of those who are left-behind children before attending colleges is significantly worse than that of non-left-behind children.Moreover,the lower the frequency of parental quarrels is,the better the mental health of the students is and the higher the psychological resilience level is,the better their mental health is.