战时日本京都学派的“道义生命力”论探析

An Analysis of the“Moral”Theory on the Position of Japanese World History

“道义”言论,是日本在1945年战败前为对抗功利强权的西方帝国主义而形成的一种美化战争和自我肯定的意识形态。京都学派的哲学家和历史学家站在“世界史的立场”上,以“道义生命力”为名炮制出一套美化侵略战争的理论,并开辟了一条诠释“大东亚共荣圈”伦理意义和歪曲战争性质的新途。日本战败的事实,印证了京都学派“道义生命力”论所具有的脆弱性和欺骗性,但在应对战败后的困境时,京都学派仍乞灵于“道义”的力量。京都学派的“道义”言论所承载的意识形态的暧昧含混及其影响还有待进一步追究,更值得重视和研究的是,其“道义”论为战后日本社会建设“道义国家”提供了思想土壤。

The“Moral-words”was a kind of ideology of self-affirmation which was formed in Japan before the defeat of World War II used to against the utilitarian power of Western imperialism and to beautify the war of aggression.The philosophers and historians of the Kyoto School held the stand of world history concocting a set of theories to beautify the war of aggression in the name of“Moralische Energie”,opening up a new way to interpret the“Great East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere”and to distort the nature of war.Japan’s defeat proved the fragility and deception of its“moral vitality”theory,but in dealing with the dilemma after the defeat,they still denanded the inspiration from the“moral”power.The ambiguity of ideology and the responsibility of war carried by their“moral”speech need to be further investigated.More importantly,their“moral”theory and the concept of“moral state”provide the ideological fonndation for the construction of“moral state”in the Japanese society today.