辽宁省发现入侵性草地贪夜蛾

The First Report of the Invasive Pest,Spodoptera frugiperda JE Smith,in Liaoning Province

草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)是一种原产于美洲的重大入侵性害虫,主要为害玉米等粮食作物。辽宁省是我国东北玉米主产区之一,开展对草地贪夜蛾的监测预警事关东北地区秋粮生产安全。通过形态和分子鉴定发现2020年有扩散至辽宁省的草地贪夜蛾成虫。Tpi基因序列比对结果显示此次在辽宁省发现的草地贪夜蛾为玉米型种群。8月10日~10月24日间,辽宁省共6个地级市的11个县级行政区41个乡镇先后确认发现雄蛾共计551头。其中,丹东市东港市15个乡镇累积发现草地贪夜蛾369头,宽甸满族自治县发现雄蛾5头;大连市庄河市9个乡镇发现雄蛾87头,瓦房店市4个乡镇发现雄蛾40头,普兰店区3个街道发现雄蛾36头;除丹东市和大连市外,朝阳市发现雄蛾5头,葫芦岛市发现雄蛾3头,盘锦市和沈阳市各发现雄蛾2头。此次草地贪夜蛾入侵辽宁,恰逢2020年第4号台风黑格比、第8号台风巴威、第9号台风美莎克和第10号台风海神先后影响东北地区,推测台风是草地贪夜蛾扩散至辽宁的诱因。丹东市东港地区南部的退海平原地带北部为辽东丘陵和长白山南麓,当地地理环境形成的垂直气流和降雨可能是草地贪夜蛾降落于当地的重要原因。本研究首次报道了草地贪夜蛾成虫在秋季可迁入辽宁省以及迁入蛾量的动态趋势,为明确草地贪夜蛾迁移扩散到东北地区的规律提供了第一手资料。

The Fall Armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda,originated from Americas,is a new dangerous invasive pest,and threatens the maize production in Liaoning province located at the main maize area in northeastern of China.This study identified the invasion of S.frugiperda adults in Liaoning province in 2020.The alignment of Tpi sequences showed that the invasive population belongs to the corn strain of S.frugiperda.During the period from Aug 10 to Oct 24,totally 551 male moths of S.frugiperda were captured in 41 towns,11 counties of 6 cities.Among these,369 male moths were found in 15 towns in Donggang,Dandong city;5 male months were captured in Kuandian county,Dandong city;87,40,and 36 male moths were captured in Zhuanghe,Wafangdian,and Pulandian of Dalian city.Except for Dandong and Dalian,5,3,2,and 2 moths were captured in Chaoyang,Huludao,Panjin,and Shenyang,respectively.During the period,the northeastern area of China was affected by the 4th typhoon HAGUPIT,8th typhoon BAVI,9th typhoon MAYSAK,and 10th typhoon HAISHEN,respectively.We hypothesized that the invasion of S.frugiperda was induced by the side effects of these typhoons.The landing of S.frugiperda in Dandong area may be due to the vertical airstream and rainfall of the seashore plain located in the southern of Liaodong Hilly and southern of Changbai Mountains.The study firstly reported the invasion of S.frugiperda adults in Liaoning province during the autumn.The results provide the first-hand reference for the migration of S.frugiperda in northeastern area of China.