超声心动图在肥厚型心肌病早期诊断及预后评估中的应用

Application of Echocardiography in Early Diagnosis and Prognosis Assessment of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

目的研究超声心动图对肥厚型心肌病早期诊断及预后的影响。方法2017年1月至2019年7月,选择我院50例肥厚型心肌病患者为研究对象,均采取超声心动图诊断。结果共检出梗阻型肥厚心肌病18例(36.00%),非梗阻型心肌病32例(64.00%)。其中对称型肥厚型心肌病患者9例(18.00%),非对称型肥厚型心肌病患者39例(78.00%),心尖肥厚型心肌病患者2例(4.00%)。50例肥厚型心肌病患者中有7例合并有心包积液,2例合并肺动脉高压,2例合并卵圆孔未闭,3例合并二尖瓣前叶脱垂。其中有18例梗阻型肥厚心肌病,32例非梗阻型肥厚心肌病,对两组超声心动图测值比较结果,其中LVOT流速值对比有差异,P<0.05。结论采取超声心动图可以清晰呈现患者心脏解剖结构,不仅能完整评估心脏大小,同时能对病变程度以及流出道的梗阻程度做出准确诊断,为后续临床治疗提供保障。

Objective To study the effect of echocardiography on the early diagnosis and prognosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Methods From January 2017 to July 2019,50 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in our hospital were selected as the research subjects,and all were diagnosed by echocardiography.Results A total of 18 cases(36.00%)of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and 32 cases(64.00%)of non-obstructive cardiomyopathy were detected.Among them,9 patients(18.00%)with symmetric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,39 patients(78.00%)with asymmetric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,and 2 patients(4.00%)with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Among the 50 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,7 cases had pericardial effusion,2 cases had pulmonary hypertension,2 cases had patent foramen ovale,and 3 cases had anterior mitral valve prolapse.Among them,there were18 cases of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and 32 cases of non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.The results of echocardiographic measurement between the two groups were compared.Among them,there was a difference in the LVOT flow velocity value,P<0.05.Conclusion The use of echocardiography can clearly present the anatomical structure of the patient's heart,not only fully assess the size of the heart,but also accurately diagnose the extent of the disease and the degree of obstruction of the outflow tract,providing guarantee for subsequent clinical treatment.