“印太战略”与“东向行动政策”的相遇:美日印海洋安全合作刍议

The Alignment of the Indo-Pacific Strategy and the“Act East Policy”:A Study on US-Japan-India Marine Security Cooperation

近年来,美日印海洋安全合作日趋频繁,引起了国际社会的高度关注。美日印除了海洋安全合作机制不断完善,海上军演、海洋装备与技术合作等具体领域的合作也在持续推进。美日印的接近有着多重战略考量:其一,美国需借助印度改良、强化亚太同盟体系,构筑“美日同盟+印度”的合作框架;其二,美日印意图借助海洋安全合作协同推进“印太战略”,美日有西进印度洋的战略意愿,印度则有“东向”参与西、南太平洋事务的利益诉求,彼此需在地缘、安全机制方面互相“准入”;其三,美日印海洋安全合作最终目标在于迟滞中国海上力量崛起,构建美日印澳+伙伴国(QUAD+X)主导的印太海洋安全秩序。美日印海洋安全合作已成为影响印太安全局势的重要变量之一,我国需给予高度重视。

In recent years,the marine security cooperation between the United States,Japan and India has become increasingly frequent,attracting high attention from the international community.In addition to the continuous improvement of the maritime security cooperation mechanism among three countries,cooperation in specific areas such as maritime military exercises and maritime equipment and technology cooperation is also advancing.There are multiple strategic considerations for the approach of the United States,Japan and India.First,the United States needs to improve and strengthen the Asia-Pacific alliance system with the help of India and construct the cooperation framework of“the US-Japan Alliance-India”.Second,the United States,Japan and India intend to jointly promote the Indo-Pacific strategy by means of maritime security cooperation.The United States and Japan have the strategic desire to enter the Indian Ocean west-ward,while India has the interest appeal to participate in the western and South Pacific affairs“eastward”,so they need to“access”each other in terms of geography and security mechanism.Third,the ultimate goal of US-Japan-India maritime security cooperation is to retard the rise of China's maritime power and build an Indo-Pacific maritime security order led by the QUAD-X.The maritime security cooperation between the United States,Japan and India has become one of the important variables affecting the security situation in the Indo-Pacific,and China should attach great importance to it.