村民理事会参与乡村公共性构建:作用、基础与路径——以安徽省怀宁县大洼社区为例

Participation of Villagers’Council in the Construction of Rural Publicity:Role,Foundation and Path--Taking Dawa Community in Huaining County of Anhui Province as an Example

乡村公共性建设是我国乡村治理的重要目标。中华人民共和国成立以来,我国乡村社会公共性构建动员主体逐步由国家政治性动员走向社会自主动员。在此过程中,基层社会治理出现治理单元偏大、村庄内生性治理主体缺位等问题,村民理事会在此背景下应运而生,作为一个超越个体和家庭层面存在的组织力量,它在动员村民参与构建乡村公共性方面发挥着重大的作用。以往对村民理事会的研究忽视了其作用发挥的空间场域,以村民小组为基础的熟人社会构成了乡村公共性生长的内生社会基础。在熟人社会的空间场域内,通过有效构建并利用共同体认同、正视村庄阶层分化、采取逐步动员等路径实现对村民的有效动员,可以增强乡村公共性。

Rural publicity construction is an important goal of rural governance in China.Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the mobilization subject of rural publicity construction has gradually shifted from national administrative mobilization to social independent mobilization.In the course of the change of the rural publicity construction subject,the problems of grassroots social governance,such as the oversize of grassroots governance unit,the weakening of grassroots government organization,and the absence of endogenous governance bodies in villages,have emerged.Under the background,the villager’council arose at the historic moment.As an organizational power beyond the individual and family,it plays an important role in mobilizing villagers to participate in the construction of rural publicity.Previous study of villager council ignored the space field of villager council development,and the acquaintance society based on the villagers’group constituted the endogenous social foundation for the public growth of the villagers’council.In the space field of acquaintance society,the villagers’council effectively used such paths as constructing and utilizing community identity,facing up to village class differentiation,taking step by step mobilization to realize the effective mobilization of villagers and enhance the publicity of village.