种豆得瓜:民国时期的图书馆学人与汉字检字法改革

Their Reform of Chinese-character Retrieval Method

民国时期,因旧有的汉字检字法难以满足图书馆业迅速发展的需要,一些图书馆学人便致力于检字新法的创制和理论探讨,并很快成为该领域的中坚力量。他们积极参与学术争鸣,探讨检字法的评判标准,正名专业术语,批评抄袭之风,将中华图书馆协会作为交流平台,将图书馆作为检字法实践的场所,从而引领着学术潮流。这些图书馆学人不仅为汉字检字法改革作出了巨大贡献,更是种豆得瓜,解放了禁锢人们的语言文字思想,拓展了对汉字构成单元和结构的认知,促进了汉字的规范化和简化,其价值和影响已经超越了图书馆业与检字法本身。图书馆学人这种勇于打破学术畛域,不囿于自身行业的学术取向,至今犹具借鉴价值,但任意拆分汉字结构、盲目创造新字的教训亦有警戒意义。

During the period of the republic of China,some library scholars were dedicated to the innovation of Chinese-character retrieval methods and theory research because the current ones could not meet the need of the rapid development of library business.And soon they became the backbones in this field.These scholars,with Chinese Library Association as their communicating platform,and libraries as the places where they put new retrieval methods into practice,took actively part in debating on academic issues and led the trend of reforming Chinese-Character retrieval methods by criticizing plagiarize behaviors,rectifying terminologies and exploring the evaluation criteria.Having made great contributions to Chinese-Character retrieval method s reform,they even liberated people s captive minds from current Chinese characters,increased their cognition of Chinese character s unit and structure,and promoted the standardization and simplification of Chinese characters,whose values and influences were much greater than those of library business and the retrieval methods themselves.By breaking the academic boundaries and research orientations,these scholars set a good example for companions today.However,their actions of deconstructing Chinese characters arbitrarily and creating new ones hastily should be criticized.