以奥马哈系统为基础的康复促进干预方案在脑梗死后吞咽障碍患者中的应用

Application of rehabilitation promotion intervention regimen based on Omaha system in patients with dysphagia after cerebral infarction

目的探讨以奥马哈系统为基础的康复促进干预方案在脑梗死(CI)后吞咽障碍患者中的应用。方法选取2017年5月—2020年5月于医院接受治疗的102例CI后吞咽障碍患者为受试对象,按照性别、年龄、吞咽障碍分期、病灶部位匹配的原则分为观察组和对照组,各51例。对照组予以传统护理,观察组在对照组基础上予以奥马哈系统为基础的康复促进干预方案。比较两组患者入院时、出院后6个月的吞咽功能、自护能力、生活质量、日常生活能力变化,并记录其干预过程中的相关并发症发生情况。结果出院后6个月,观察组标准吞咽功能量表、日常生活能力量表各维度评分低于对照组(P<0.05);而中文版吞咽功能评估量表、自护能力量表、脑卒中影响量表各维度评分高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组误吸发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论以奥马哈系统为基础的康复促进干预方案可改善CI后吞咽障碍患者的吞咽功能,提升其自护能力与日常生活能力,从而有利于生活质量的综合提升。

Objective To explore the application of rehabilitation promotion intervention regimen based on Omaha system in patients with dysphagia after cerebral infarction(CI).Methods To select 102 patients with dysphagia after CI admitted in the hospital from May 2017 to May 2020 as the study subjects,according to the principle of gender,age,stage of dysphagia and lesion location matching between groups,they were divided into an observation group and a control group,with 51 cases in each group.The control group was given the routine nursing,the observation group was given the rehabilitation promotion intervention regimen based on the Omaha system besides the routine nursing.The swallowing function,self-care ability,quality of life and the change of daily living ability were compared between the two groups after 6 months hospital discharge,and the occurrence of related complications during the intervention were recorded.Results After 6 months hospital discharge,the score of SSA scale and scores of dimensions of ADL scale in observation group was lower than the control group(P<0.05).The score of GUSS scale,scores of dimensions of ESCA scale and scores of dimensions of SIS scale was higher than the control group(P<0.05).The incidence rate of aspiration was lower than the observation group(P<0.05).Conclusion Rehabilitation promotion intervention regimen based on the Omaha system could improve the swallowing function of patients with dysphagia after CI,enhance the self-care ability and daily life ability,and contribute to the comprehensive improvement of quality of life.