国际公务员胜任力比较研究--以经济合作与发展组织和世界银行为例

A Study of Competence of International Civil Servants:Comparing OECD and WB

当前,国际组织中的中国职员仍存在代表名额不足、职位层次较低等问题,主要原因是我国的国际组织人才储备不足。提高国际组织人才储备需要充分了解国际公务员的胜任力需求,并在此基础上制定有针对性的培养方案。鉴于经济发展类国际组织对我国的重要性,本文选取了经济合作与发展组织和世界银行两大国际组织为研究对象,以其职员胜任力文件为基础数据。本文采取比较文本分析法,在Nvivo 11软件中运用冰山模型和扎根理论对数据进行分析、编码和比较,对比分析两大组织在不同职级的胜任力需求差异,总结提炼出国际组织胜任力模型。研究发现,不同的国际组织对不同职级职员的胜任力需求主要出于组织使命、组织职能、组织绩效、组织发展、工作性质和职员角色的考量。初级职员的胜任力需求偏向沟通合作等基础性技能;中级职员的胜任力需求是具备较高的专业素养;高级职员的胜任力需求则强调战略思考和资源整合等能力,并要求具备较强的组织意识和责任心。最后本文从国家、高校和个人三个层面提出我国培养国际组织人才的建议。

Currently,in international organizations,Chinese staff still face problems such as under-representation and low-level positions,which are mainly due to China’s insufficient talent pool for international organizations.Increasing the pool requires a thorough understanding of the competency needs of international civil servants,based on which targeted training programs can be developed.Given the importance of international organizations focusing on economic development to China,this paper discusses two international organizations,the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development(OECD)and the World Bank(WB),analyzing,coding and comparing their staff competency documents with Nvivo 11 while using the iceberg model and rooting theory.The study,after summarizing their competency models,found that the competency needs of employees at different levels in different international organizations are based on the mission,functions,performance,development,nature of job and employee roles.The competency needs of junior staff are basic skills,such as strong communication and cooperation skills;those of middle-level staff,high level of professionalism;and those of senior staff,strategic thinking and resource integration skills,as well as strong organizational awareness and responsibility.Finally,this paper proposes suggestions for cultivating talents for international organizations in China at three levels:national,university and individual.