生物炭施用对滨海盐碱地番茄生长与耗水规律的影响

The Effect of Biochar Application on Tomato Growth and Water Consumption in Coastal Saline Alkaline Soil

减轻盐胁迫、提高土地农业生产效率,是滨海盐碱地土地资源开发利用的重要基础。通过施用生物炭作为土壤改良剂可有效提高土壤肥力和减轻非生物胁迫,从而提高作物产量和品质。通过盆栽试验,研究了0%~8%添加量的生物炭[0%(CK)、0.5%(B2)、2%(B3),4%(B4)和8%(B5)(W/W干重比)的比例添加量]对滨海盐碱土壤番茄生长与耗水规律的影响。提高土壤生物炭施用比例显著(p<0.05)提高了水分利用效率、改善土壤的理化性质并减少植株叶片钠离子浓度,加速番茄生长并提高其产量。随着生物炭施用量的增加,B3,B4和B5处理下的植物高度、叶面积、生物量值均显著高于CK和B2处理;与对照相比,在生物炭改良下,番茄植株的耗水量显著降低,作物对土壤水的利用率更高,B2,B3,B4和B5处理下提高水分利用效率,分别提高了7.7%、22%、31%及33.24%。研究结果可为利用生物炭改良滨海盐碱地土壤提供理论依据。

Reducing salt stress and improving the efficiency of land agricultural production are an important foundation for the development and utilization of coastal saline-alkali land resources.The application of biochar as a soil amendment can effectively improve soil fertility and reduce abiotic stress,thereby increasing crop yield and quality.A pot experiment is conducted to study the 0%~8% addition amount of biochar[0%(CK),0.5%(B2),2%(B3),4%(B4)and 8%(B5)(W/W).Dry weight ratio of the proportion of addition]on the growth and water consumption of tomato in coastal saline-alkali soil.The results show that increasing the proportion of soil biochar application has significantly(p<0.05)improved water use efficiency,improved soil physical and chemical properties,and reduced plant leaf sodium ion concentration,accelerated tomato growth and increased its yield.With the increase in the biochar application rate,the plant height,leaf area and biomass value of B3,B4 and B5 treatments are significantly higher than those of CK and B2 treatments.Compared with the control,under the improvement of biochar,the consumption of tomato plants.The water volume is significantly reduced,and the crop has a higher utilization rate of soil water.The water use efficiency has increased by treatments B2,B3,B4 and B5,which has increased by 7.7%,22%,31% and 33.24% respectively.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for using biochar to improve coastal saline soil.