工程化噬菌体在解决细菌耐受性问题中的应用策略

Strategies for the Application of Engineered Phages in Solving Bacterial Tolerance Problems

细菌对抗菌药的强耐受性是临床治疗感染性疾病的一大难题,也因此受到人们的广泛关注。细菌通过多种机制获得耐药性,从而逃避抗菌类药物的杀灭。噬菌体是一类特异性侵染细菌等微生物的病毒群体,近年来其在临床上耐药菌感染性疾病治疗的应用中取得了一些成效,但随之出现的噬菌体耐受性问题使其应用受到一定的限制。该文综述了细菌耐受性,即细菌对抗菌药的耐药性和对噬菌体的耐受性的主要机制,以及当前合成生物学在解决细菌耐受抗生素和耐受天然噬菌体中的主要进展。

The development of bacterial resistance to antimicrobial drugs is a major challenge in the clinical treatment of infectious diseases and has received widespread attention.Bacteria acquire resistance through a variety of mechanisms to evade killing by antimicrobial drugs.Phage is a generic term for bacteriophage that infects microorganisms such as bacteria,fungi,actinomycetes or spirochetes.Its application in the treatment of infectious diseases with drug-resistant bacteria in clinical settings has achieved some success in recent years,but the ensuing problem of phage resistance has limited its application.This paper reviews the main mechanisms of bacterial drug resistance and phage resistance,and the main current advances in synthetic biology in addressing bacterial resistance to antibiotics and resistance to natural phages.