肠道微生物群落研究进展及合成微生物群落面临的挑战

Advances in Intestinal Microbial Communities and Challenges in Synthetic Microbial Communities

近年来,虽然肠道微生物群落与人类健康方面的研究在快速发展,但肠道微生物群落的调控和应用仍处于起步阶段。这主要是因为对人类肠道微生物群落结构和功能的理解不够深入。合成微生物群落通过人工合成的多个物种建立新的微生物群落体系,利用各种体内和体外实验模型及数学建模方法进行模拟、测试、优化,有助于深化对人类肠道复杂微生物群落的结构、稳定性和功能活性的了解。该文概述了肠道微生物群落的研究方法、影响微生物群落稳定性的因素及合成肠道微生物群落面临的挑战,以期为肠道微生物群落理论研究和临床应用的双向转化提供参考。

In recent years,research on the intestinal microbial communities and human health has developed rapidly.However,the regulation and application of the intestinal microbial community are still in their infancy.The reason for this is that our understanding of the structure and function of the human gut microbiome is inadequate.Synthetic microbiota is a new microbial community established by artificial synthesis of multiple species,which is simulated,tested,and optimized by various experimental models and mathematical modeling methods in vitro and in vivo.It is helpful to deepen the understanding of the structure,stability,and functional activity of the complex microbiota in the human gut.We summarized the research methods of the intestinal microbiome,the factors affecting the stability of the intestinal microbiome,and the challenges facing the synthesis of the intestinal microbiome,in order to provide a reference for the bidirectional transformation of the theoretical research and clinical application of intestinal microbial community.