论儒家仁学思想的环境责任伦理意蕴

The Implication of Environmental Responsibility Ethics of Confucian Benevolence

儒家以“仁、义、礼、智”为核心的仁学理论体系,具有十分丰富的生态哲学内涵,可支持一种人学路线的环境责任伦理学。其以“仁爱”作为人类道德生活的普遍价值,通过“一体之仁”的同理心证成环境责任,通过“克己复礼”的“仁礼互发”融贯个体环境责任与公共环境规范,以“践仁成善”之“智”协调道德动机与实践后果。这种以主体道德情感为基石的义理结构和相应的责任伦理方法,对回应传统环境伦理学的“感性与现实性”缺失问题颇具启示意义。

The Confucian theory system of Benevolence with“benevolence,righteousness,propriety and wisdom”has rich connotation of ecological philosophy and can support to establish a human-based environmental responsibility ethics.It takes benevolence as the universal value of human moral life;it puts forward principles of environmental responsibility through empathy;it integrates individual environmental responsibility and public environmental rules through the coordination of benevolence and propriety;and it harmonizes the value of moral motive and practical consequence with the wisdom of pursuing utility.The structure of moral theory based on the subject’s moral emotion and the corresponding method of responsibility ethics are of great significance in responding to the lack of“sensibility and reality”in traditional environmental ethics.