新型抗氧剂研究进展

Research Progress of New Antioxidants

近几十年来,高分子材料因具有高性能、易改性、质量轻等特点,已成为人们生产和生活中必不可少的一类材料。但高分子材料在加工、储存和使用过程中会发生氧化老化,延缓高分子材料氧化的方法较多,添加抗氧剂是其中简单且有效的方法。因此,对近10 a高分子材料抗氧剂的研究进行梳理,将其分为抗析出型、高效型和无毒环保型3类进行详细分析。根据高分子材料抗氧剂最新的发展动态,认为抗析出、高效和无毒环保是其研发的主要方向。大分子型抗氧剂、负载型抗氧剂和反应型抗氧剂能有效提升小分子抗氧剂的抗析出性能,其中,大分子型抗氧剂具有更好的发展潜力;分子内协同作用是抗氧剂高效化的有效手段;生物基抗氧剂是无毒环保型抗氧剂的主要研发方向。

In recent decades,polymer materials have become one of the indispensable materials in production and daily life owing to their high performance,easy modification,and light weight.Polymer materials undergo oxidative aging during processing,storage and use.There are many ways to delay the oxidation of polymer materials.Adding antioxidants is one of the simple and effective methods.The research on antioxidants of polymer materials in the past decade was sorted out,and they were divided into three types:anti-precipitation type,high-efficiency type,and non-toxic environmental protection type for analysis.According to the latest development of polymer material antioxidants,it is believed that anti-precipitation,high efficiency and non-toxic environmental protection are the main directions of its research and development.Macromolecular antioxidants,loaded antioxidants and reactive antioxidants can effectively improve the anti-precipitation performance of small molecular antioxidants.Among them,macromolecular antioxidants have better development potential.The use of intramolecular synergy is one of the effective means to increase the efficiency of antioxidants,and bio-based antioxidants are the main research and development direction of non-toxic environmental protection antioxidants.