青海玛多7.4级地震重灾区房屋震灾调查及分析

Investigation and analysis of earthquake disasters of houses in the stricken areas of Maduo M7.4 earthquake in Qinghai Province

2021年5月22日,在青海省果洛州玛多县发生7.4级地震,距震中7 km的黄河乡驻地及周边为此次地震重灾区(Ⅷ度)。通过地震现场工作,对重灾区房屋进行应急调查与评估分析。共计调查黄河乡及周边1019间房屋建筑,主要以砖混结构、砖木结构、土木结构为主。其中砖混结构房屋占比67.71%,大多基本完好或轻微破坏;砖木结构房屋占比29.24%,多数轻微破坏或中等破坏;土木结构房屋占比2.45%,基本完全毁坏。基于不同结构类型房屋调查结果及震灾分析讨论,提出灾后重建及震灾防御的相关意见:(1)对于灾后房屋组织专业人员进行摸排检测及登记上报有关部门;(2)灾后重建房屋建议以砖混、框架及轻型钢结构为主;(3)房屋自建随意性高,需加强房屋监管及建造标准。

On May 22,2021,an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.4 occurred in Maduo County,Guoluo Prefecture,Qinghai Province.The Huanghe Town and its surrounding area,7 kilometers away from the epicenter,were the stricken areas of the earthquake(Ⅷdegree).Based on the earthquake field work,the earthquake disasters of a total of 1019 buildings with brick-concrete structure,brick-wood structure,and civil-wood structure in the study area were investigated.Among them,brick-concrete structure houses accounted for 67.71%,and most of them were basically intact or slightly damaged;brick-wood structure houses accounted for 29.24%,and most of them were slightly or moderately damaged;civil-wood structure houses accounted for 2.45%,and most of them were completely destroyed.Based on the investigation results,relevant opinions on earthquake prevention and post-disaster reconstruction are put forward:(1)Professional personnel should be organized to inspect the houses after the earthquake and report to relevant departments;(2)Bricks-concrete,frame,and light steel structure houses are recommended for post-disaster reconstruction;(3)The supervision and construction standards for self-built houses need to be strengthened.