美国的盲文读写危机及其启示

The Braille Literacy Crisis in America and Its Enlightenment

从20世纪60年代开始,美国使用盲文进行读写的盲人比例急剧减少,导致了美国的盲文读写危机。美国的盲文读写危机是由盲文自身的局限、盲文教学问题和对辅助技术的过度依赖三个方面的因素综合导致的。由于盲文读写的重要作用,美国的盲文读写危机影响了盲人的教育、就业、收入以及生活质量。针对美国的盲文读写危机,研究者们从英语盲文自身、盲文教学和辅助技术三个方面提出了干预措施。美国的盲文读写危机启示我们,要正确认识盲文读写,加强盲文使用情况监控,完善汉语盲文和改善盲文教学。

Since the 1960 s,the proportion of blind people who use Braille to read and write in America has decreased sharply,leading to the Braille literacy crisis in America.The Braille literacy crisis in America is caused by three factors:the limitation of Braille itself,the problems of Braille teaching and the excessive dependence on auxiliary technology.Due to the important role of Braille literacy,the Braille literacy crisis in America has affected the education,employment,income and quality of life of the blind.In view of the Braille literacy crisis in America,researchers put forward intervention measures from three aspects:English Braille itself,Braille teaching and auxiliary technology.The Braille literacy crisis in America enlightens us to have a correct understanding of Braille literacy,strengthen the monitoring of Braille usage,improve Chinese Braille and improve Braille teaching.