基于Pathfinder的装配式建筑施工安全应急疏散研究

Research on safety emergency evacuation of prefabricated building construction based on Pathfinder

为保障装配式建筑现场安全施工,提高紧急事件发生时现场施工人员安全疏散效率,利用Pathfinder软件进行建模,并结合人员体征、疏散速度和人员比例等进行仿真模拟,分析施工现场主体施工阶段预制构件、机械器具等物品堆放数量、位置规划和现场施工人员数量等因素对疏散时间影响。结果表明:装配式建筑现场施工人员疏散瓶颈区域为室内走廊和疏散楼梯口处;施工场地内物品堆放数量和位置规划对疏散时间影响较大;每层现场施工人员数量达到一定数值时,需采取限制措施。研究结果可为装配式建筑施工现场疏散通道合理规划和施工现场安全管理提供理论依据。

In order to ensure the on-site safe construction of prefabricated buildings,and improve the safety evacuation efficiency of on-site construction personnel in case of emergency,the modeling was conducted by using the Pathfinder software,and the simulation was carried out combined with the personnel physical signs,evacuation speed and personnel proportion.The influence of the stacked quantity of prefabricated components,mechanical appliances and other items,the location planning,the number of on-site construction personnel and other factors during the main construction stage of the construction site on the evacuation time was analyzed.The results showed that the bottleneck areas of the on-site construction personnel evacuation of prefabricated buildings were the indoor corridor and the exit of evacuation stairs.The stacking quantity of items and location planning in the construction site had greater influence on the evacuation time.The restrictive measures should be taken when the number of on-site construction personnel at each floor reached a certain value.The research results can provide theoretical basis for the reasonable planning of the evacuation passage and the safety management of the construction site of prefabricated buildings.